關(guān)于which的用法及解釋

　　which的用法在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中是比較重要的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，重要就說(shuō)明必須要掌握。接下來(lái)小編在這里給大家?guī)?lái)which的用法，我們一起來(lái)看看吧!

　　which的用法

　　1、在后置的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中代替上文出現(xiàn)的事物或情況(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))。

　　2、在問(wèn)句中作為疑問(wèn)代詞，在名詞從句中作為連接代詞用，其含義為“哪個(gè)、哪些”。

　　3、如果非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞不是指主句內(nèi)容，而是指具體的人、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)，則不用which。

　　一、關(guān)系代詞that 和which 在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間，起聯(lián)系作用。指物時(shí)，一般情況下可互換。如： Here is the pen that/which you lost yesterday.(that/which 指物作賓語(yǔ)) A plane is a machine that/which can fly.(that/which 指物，作主語(yǔ)) He is the most careful boy that I know.(that 指人,作賓語(yǔ)) The man that works in this room is a chemist.(that 指人,作主語(yǔ))

　　二、that,which 在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能省略。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)在口語(yǔ)中和非正式問(wèn)題中經(jīng)常省略。如上例1 和中的that,which 都可省略。

　　三、關(guān)系代詞在主語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。 Wheat is a plant that/which is grown in the north of China.

　　四、在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that 和which 指物時(shí)，一般沒有區(qū)別，但下列幾種情況中不能互換：

　　只能用that 的情況：

　　a)先行詞為 all,everything,nothing,anything,little 等不定代詞時(shí)(something 后也可用which)： Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town? That’s all (that) I know.

　　b) 先行詞被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)： The first thing (that) we should do is to work out a plan.

　　c) 先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾時(shí)： This is one of the most exciting football games (that) I have ever seen. The nanjing yangtse river bridge is the longest bridge (that) they have ever seen.

　　d) 先行詞 被only,very,no,any,same,little,one of 等詞所修飾時(shí)： This is the only thing (that) we can do now. He gave me the same pen (that) he borrowed from me. Do you have any books that were written by Lu Xun? This is the very book (that) I want to read.

　　e) 當(dāng)先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)： The man and the car (that) you want to see are all here. 你相見的人和車都在這里。

　　f) that 可指人，which 則不能： Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?

　　g) 在 “the time when”等結(jié)構(gòu)和某些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，when 常被that 代替，而且that 往往省略： I may leave here any time I want to. During the time I was there I visited him twice.

　　h)way 后面可根由that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，但that 一般都省略： That was the way she looked after us.

　　在下列情況中，只能用which:

　　a) 放在介詞后面做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)： This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 但是，如把介詞放在從句的后部，這時(shí)which 就可換為that 并常省略。如上例可改為： This is the question (that) we’ve had so much discussion about.

　　b) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)論指物指人，都不能用that。指物時(shí)，只能用which 和其他關(guān)系代詞。如： All the books there,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.

　　which的相關(guān)解釋

　　pron.哪一個(gè); 哪一些; 哪個(gè); 那，指前面提到的事物

　　adj.哪一個(gè); 哪一些;

　　which與that的用法區(qū)別

　　兩者都可指物，?？苫Q。其區(qū)別主要在于：

　　1. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常要用which：

　　The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使這條河很危險(xiǎn)。

　　He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜歡這樣的。

　　The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 倫敦隊(duì)上一個(gè)季度打得很好，這個(gè)季度卻打得很差。

　　2. 直接放在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用which：

　　She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那樣我們就要等等她。

　　The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已找到了。

　　This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送來(lái)一些波爾圖葡萄酒，為此我得向你道謝。

　　注：有時(shí)“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“介詞+which+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study. 他只有漫漫長(zhǎng)夜可用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。

　　He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手用來(lái)自衛(wèi)。

　　3. 當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時(shí)much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時(shí)，通常用that：

　　All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是訓(xùn)練。

　　Have you everything that you need? 你需要的東西都有了嗎?

　　The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 這位酣睡的人頭腦的下意識(shí)能記住他周圍的人說(shuō)的話。

　　She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不贊同的事她絕不會(huì)做。

　　4. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時(shí)，通常用that：

　　This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個(gè)。

　　Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原話。

　　5. 當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時(shí)，通常用that：

　　This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 這是我用過(guò)的最好的詞典。

　　The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。

　　6. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用that：

　　China is not the country (that) it was. 中國(guó)已不數(shù)去的中國(guó)了。

　　7. 當(dāng)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí)，通常用that：

　　They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談?wù)摿耸顾麄冇∠笞钌畹娜撕褪隆?/p>

　　8. 當(dāng)要避免重復(fù)時(shí)：

　　Which is the course that we are to take? 我們選哪門課程?

　　which的例句

　　1.He lived on an invalidity pension which came as a weekly giro.

　　他靠每周領(lǐng)取的作為病殘養(yǎng)老金的直接轉(zhuǎn)賬救濟(jì)支票過(guò)日子。

　　2.Politicians want a lap-dog press which will uncritically report their propaganda.

　　政客們想要的是不問(wèn)是非、甘為他們搞宣傳的哈巴狗一樣的新聞媒體。

　　3.We were in the same college, which was male-only at that time.

　　我們那時(shí)在同一所學(xué)院，當(dāng)時(shí)只招男生。