填寫托福閱讀答題卡時(shí)要注意把握節(jié)奏，新托福的口語考試部分的第三題和第四題要求考生首先在45秒鐘內(nèi)讀完100字左右長度的單一段落，今天我們討論一下如何掌握托?？谡Z考試中的閱讀節(jié)奏。下面一起來看看吧。

填寫托福閱讀答題卡時(shí)要注意把握節(jié)奏

我們有時(shí)會(huì)擔(dān)心，閱讀速度的加快會(huì)影響閱讀理解的準(zhǔn)確率，其實(shí)這是一種誤解。當(dāng)然，盲目追求閱讀速度必然要影響閱讀理解的質(zhì)量。我們應(yīng)該做的是掌握正確的閱讀節(jié)奏：“根據(jù)快和慢兩種速度交替而成的節(jié)奏來變化自己的閱讀速度?！?唱歌因韻律節(jié)奏而動(dòng)聽，說話因輕重緩急而悅耳，閱讀也是一樣，快慢相間的閱讀速度才能收到良好的閱讀效果。

我們知道，句子是由詞組成的，但同一句中的各個(gè)詞的分量不盡相同，有的起著關(guān)鍵的作用;段落是由句子構(gòu)成的，然而同一段落中的各個(gè)句子的分量也是不盡相同的，有的是關(guān)鍵句、核心句，有的則起著輔助說明的作用，為闡述中心思想而服務(wù)。這些關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)鍵句表達(dá)的正是段落的重要信息，抓住了它們就等于抓住了段落的核心，就知道了什么地方應(yīng)該加快速度，什么地方應(yīng)該放慢速度，當(dāng)然也就掌握了閱讀節(jié)奏。

一般而言，對(duì)于關(guān)鍵詞和關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)該慢讀，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而對(duì)非關(guān)鍵詞和非關(guān)鍵句應(yīng)加快閱讀速度，搶出時(shí)間，用以反復(fù)閱讀重點(diǎn)句或歸納總結(jié)。請(qǐng)看下面的示例：

例1：閱讀下面的段落：

A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.

閱讀此句，我們不難找到一些關(guān)鍵詞，如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。這些關(guān)鍵詞反映了此句的主要信息：“許多人認(rèn)為文化人類學(xué)就是研究特殊而奇怪的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，但人類學(xué)家有時(shí)還對(duì)一些人們認(rèn)為不重要的、看起來很普通的生活現(xiàn)象感興趣。”通過分析關(guān)鍵詞，我們又發(fā)現(xiàn)“but”這個(gè)具有轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連接詞向我們顯示了此句的后半句才是整個(gè)句子的核心部分，它提示我們閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)更加留心閱讀后半句的關(guān)鍵詞，提煉關(guān)鍵信息。因此，我們可以很肯定地確認(rèn)此句最重要的意義應(yīng)該是： “Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant.” 并且也可以很肯定地預(yù)測，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息繼續(xù)論述，而不是前半句的。這樣，在閱讀時(shí)，我們就會(huì)把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的關(guān)鍵詞上，而對(duì)那些附加修飾、說明的部分，如：修飾people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速閱讀，甚至略去不讀，因?yàn)樗挥绊懳覀儗?duì)中心意思的理解與把握。

例2：閱讀下面的段落：

Smell and Memory

Scientists are producing an increasing number of findings on the links between smell and memory. The most prominent scientist in this field is Dr. Alan Hirsch, a US neurologist who specializes in the treatment of patients who have lost their sense of smell or taste. He believes that the memories that certain smells bring back to people are not actually as important as the emotions that are associated with the smells. He also argues that our minds filter these emotions in a positive way, making past times seem better than they perhaps were.

我們注意到這個(gè)段落的題目是“Smell and Memory”，我們還知道題目是中心思想的反映。據(jù)此，我們可以得知本段主要論述的應(yīng)是 smell and memory之間的聯(lián)系，由此找到了關(guān)鍵詞語“the links between smell and memory”(在段首)，而能說明它們之間關(guān)系的句子又是最后一句。所以，這個(gè)段落的核心信息是： “Some smells remind us of a previous thing in a way that is better than the real experience.” 由此判定，本段的首尾都需細(xì)心地、稍慢地閱讀，而對(duì)“最著名的;專門治療何種病人的”這樣相對(duì)次要的句子就可以加快閱讀速度。

托福閱讀材料：拾荒20年只為妻子圓鋼琴夢(mèng)

吳政老人做拾荒者(waste recycler) 20載，只為圓老伴的鋼琴夢(mèng)。兩位老人38年相濡以沫的平淡真愛，成為人們傳頌的佳話。

It may have taken him two decades, and the income saved from tons of recycled trash, but Wu Zheng finally fulfilled his wish to buy his wife a piano.

盡管老人吳政花了近20年時(shí)間，傾盡靠回收垃圾攢下的積蓄，但他終于圓了妻子的鋼琴夢(mèng)。

"It was not just an instrument, but a witness of the love from my husband," said his wife, Xie Guizhi, who has made the piano the centerpiece of her narrow and crowded guestroom.

“這不僅僅是一件樂器，也見證了老伴對(duì)我的愛?！彼钠拮又x桂枝說。鋼琴已成為了擁擠狹小的客廳中最重要的物件。

"I clean the piano every day and don`t allow other people to touch it," said Xie, 58, a retired worker in Luoyang, Henan province.

“我每天都會(huì)把鋼琴擦得干干凈凈的，不許別人碰它?！?8歲的謝桂枝說，她是河南洛陽的一名退休工人。

Wu, 68, said he made up of his mind to buy his wife a piano long ago, even though their life was poor.

68歲的吳政說，盡管家境并不富裕，但他很久以前就下定決心要為老伴買架鋼琴。

"My wife enjoys music and loves piano very much," Wu said. "I dreamed of buying her a piano as early as 38 years ago when we fell in love with each other."

“我老伴特別熱愛音樂，喜歡鋼琴?！眳钦f?！霸缭?8年前我們談戀愛的時(shí)候，我就夢(mèng)想著給她買一架鋼琴?！?/p>

Yet the cost of the piano - at 22,550 yuan (,500) - was a big sum for the family. His wife suffered from backbone problems for years and Wu`s salary at the rural credit cooperative could only cover the basic expenses of food and medicine for the whole family.

然而一架22550元的鋼琴對(duì)這個(gè)家庭來講是筆不小的支出。吳政的妻子常年飽受脊椎病的折磨，而吳政在城關(guān)信用社的收入僅僅能夠支撐整個(gè)家庭食品和藥品的基本支出。

To make more money to support the family, Wu decided to pick up recyclable waste after work in the early 1990s."It was a hard decision because there were lots of prejudices toward waste recyclers at that time," he said. "Most people thought that collecting recyclable stuff from the dustbins was shameful."

為了多掙些錢養(yǎng)家，吳政從上世紀(jì)90年代初就決定利用業(yè)余時(shí)間撿破爛?！斑@是個(gè)艱難的決定，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)人們對(duì)拾荒者持有偏見。”他說，“大多數(shù)人覺得從垃圾桶里撿破爛是件丟臉的事?！?/p>

To avoid being identified by his acquaintances, Wu wore a mask and a pair of dark glasses at first. "It felt like I was committing some wrongdoings when I started to search for recyclable waste in the street," he said. "The most worrying thing for me was being identified by my colleagues."

為了避免被熟人認(rèn)出來，起初吳政會(huì)帶上口罩和墨鏡?！皠傞_始在街上收廢品時(shí)，我覺得自己就像做壞事一樣?！彼f，“最怕被同事認(rèn)出來?！?/p>

By collecting all kinds of wastes including rubber shoes, plastic bottles, glasses and newspapers, Wu could earn about 4,000 yuan per year and save about 1,000 of that.

通過回收膠鞋、塑料瓶、玻璃和報(bào)紙等各種廢品，吳政每年能有4000元的收入，從中能存下1000元。

The realization of his dream was accompanied by lots of sad memories - he described as feeling "like a beggar" when he would wait for customers at a roadside barbecue to drop their empty beer bottles.

在實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的過程中，也有許多傷心的經(jīng)歷——他說自己在路邊燒烤攤邊等待人們丟下空啤酒瓶時(shí)，感覺自己像個(gè)乞丐。

"Sometimes I had to wait for more than half an hour until they finished their drinking and left the bottles for me," he said.

“有時(shí)為了等他們喝完酒留給我空瓶子，我要等半個(gè)多小時(shí)?！彼f。

"Some young men would rather break the glass bottles in front of me on purpose, and it felt like breaking my heart," he said.

“有的年輕人甚至故意當(dāng)著我的面把玻璃瓶摔破，當(dāng)時(shí)我特別痛心?！彼f。

He was also moved sometimes when the others gave him some plastic bottles "in a respectful manner".

而有時(shí)人們會(huì)“禮貌地”把塑料瓶遞給他，他也備受感動(dòng)。

He had to travel around the city twice every day for more than 10 kilometers to find as much stuff as possible.

為了盡可能多地回收廢品，他每天要在城里走上兩圈，能走10多公里的路。

Since Wu has fulfilled the dream of buying his wife a piano, he does not go out to pick up waste any more, though he still keeps the habit of saving his family`s recyclable waste.

如今吳政已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了給老伴買鋼琴的夢(mèng)想，不用再出門拾荒了。但他仍舊保留著收集家中廢品的習(xí)慣。

"There are no differences between so-called noble or humble jobs," said Wu Yuanhong, the couple`s 36-year-old daughter, adding that she felt proud of her parents.

“工作沒有所謂的高貴、低賤之分。”兩位老人36歲的女兒吳艷紅(音譯)說，她為自己的父母感到自豪。

"People deserve to be respected if they are dedicated to their dreams and don`t rely on others." For Xie, the piano was a surprising gift - she had never played the piano before and she is trying hard to study how to play.

“不依賴別人，為自己的夢(mèng)想而奮斗的人，理應(yīng)得到尊重。”對(duì)謝桂枝來說，這架鋼琴是一份令人驚喜的禮物。之前從未彈過鋼琴的她目前正在努力學(xué)習(xí)。

"People could hardly connect the piano - a symbol of elegance and nobility - with waste recyclers, who are always thought of as dirty and messy," she said.

“人們很難將象征高貴優(yōu)雅的鋼琴與拾荒者聯(lián)系起來。人們總是認(rèn)為拾荒者臟兮兮的。”她說。

"I really appreciate that my husband has done so much for me." The biggest joy for Wu is to sing songs to the accompaniment of the piano, and his favorite song is The Most Romantic Thing.

“我真的很感謝老伴為我做了這么多事。”吳政生活中最大的樂趣就是在鋼琴的伴奏下唱歌，而他最喜歡的歌就是《最浪漫的事》。

"The most romantic thing I can imagine is to get older slowly with you," Wu sang to the melody of the piano.

吳政老人隨著鋼琴的美妙旋律唱道：“我能想到最浪漫的事，就是和你一起慢慢變老?！?/p>

托福閱讀材料：什么時(shí)候可以結(jié)婚　　

When should you move from dating to being husband and wife? Every relationship is different. You should get married when YOU feel the time is right. Not the society, not your family, You.

哪個(gè)時(shí)間是從情人轉(zhuǎn)變成夫妻的最佳時(shí)間?每段關(guān)系都有不同的答案。在你感覺對(duì)的時(shí)間，你就結(jié)婚吧。這不是由社會(huì)或你的家庭決定，而是由你決定。

You should get married when:

當(dāng)你有以下想法時(shí)，你就結(jié)婚吧：

You are totally, madly, completely, head-over-heels in love. Not one-sided, only when it is reciprocated. You feel she is The One. There is no one better than her for you. No one gets you like she does. You feel you’ve been in the dating circle long enough and if you let her go, you’d be the biggest idiot on earth。

你真的是完完全全瘋狂地不可救藥地深深地陷入愛情之中。不是單方面愛戀，而是雙方互動(dòng)的愛戀。你感覺她就是你生命里的那一位了，沒有誰比她更適合你，沒有誰能如此占據(jù)你的心房。你覺得你的愛情長跑已經(jīng)足夠了，而且覺得如果自己放她走，自己就是世界上最蠢的笨蛋。

You are mature enough to understand what marriage really means. When you’re ready for real commitment. When you are responsible enough to take care of another person, support her financially, and emotionally. You should understand that it is a big move and would mean sharing your life with someone till the day you die。

你已經(jīng)足夠的成熟，懂得婚姻的真正意義。當(dāng)你準(zhǔn)備好對(duì)婚姻許下真心的承諾的時(shí)候。當(dāng)你的責(zé)任心強(qiáng)大至能照顧好另一個(gè)人，在物質(zhì)上、精神上都能做她的支柱時(shí)。你要明白這是你生命中的一大步，從這天起，直到你死亡的那天，你的生活將和另一個(gè)人共同分享。

You are in a real relationship where both of you are level-headed people, who respect each other. You have arguments and fights, but you deal with them like adults, talk it out, not jump up and down like six-year olds. You know disagreements are part of your life. There’s no running away. You are a team. No one is superior to the other. You’re honest and open with each other and share everything, all your dreams and insecurities, and even your failures。

你正處于一段關(guān)系之中，雙方都是冷靜的人，能相互尊重。盡管你們會(huì)有爭吵甚至打鬧，但是你們能用成人的方法來處理問題，坐下詳談，而不是像六歲孩子那樣生氣的上串下跳。有不同意見是肯定的，沒人能夠避免。你們是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，沒有一個(gè)人能駕馭在另一個(gè)人身上。你很誠實(shí)，也能開心見誠地跟另一半分享自己的所有事情，包括你的夢(mèng)想，你的不安全感以及你的失敗。

You feel you’re ready. You have waited long enough. You’re settled in your life and work. You know your goals and aspirations. You know what is to have a family, have a child. You’re not driven by societal or family pressures, or the fact that you’re aging quickly. You have come to this decision based on your feelings and thoughts。

你覺得你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。你等待已經(jīng)夠久了。你的生活和工作都已經(jīng)為這段關(guān)系做好了安頓。你知道自己的目標(biāo)和抱負(fù)。你知道擁有一個(gè)家庭，一個(gè)孩子的意義。你不是受社會(huì)和家庭的壓力或你年齡的迅速老化的驅(qū)使而結(jié)婚，而是根據(jù)自己的感受和想法做出這個(gè)鄭重的決定。

There is no ideal time to get married. Only you and your companion know when it’s right, no one else. Get married when you’re absolutely certain that no one makes you as happy as her. You could find that person at any age. There are no set rules. Just make sure you both are on the same page and when that happens, pop the question。

結(jié)婚并沒有最佳時(shí)間。只有你和你的伴侶知道什么時(shí)候結(jié)婚是最好的，其他人不能干預(yù)。如果你百分百確定，沒有人能像她那樣帶給你如此的歡樂，你就結(jié)婚吧。無論是哪個(gè)年齡段，你都可以找到那個(gè)人，這是沒有固定規(guī)律的。只要你倆確定大家是走在同一條路上，共同面對(duì)將發(fā)生的一切，那么，求婚吧!

托福閱讀材料之讓你高興的22件小事　　

1. Your coffee comes exactly as you like it, with the precisely right ratio of cream to sugar.

你點(diǎn)的咖啡正好就是你想要的，奶油和糖的比例恰到好處。

2. You make all the stop lights when you’re in a hurry.

當(dāng)你有急事的時(shí)候，信號(hào)燈正好為你而停。

3. You come back from the bathroom at a restaurant and your delicious meal is already at the table.

當(dāng)你在餐廳用完洗手間的時(shí)候，美味的飯菜也剛好為你端上桌。

4. Waking up thinking you have to get up and go to work, but it’s a Saturday.

當(dāng)你早上醒來想著還得起床去上班時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)那天是周六。

5. Having a truly problem-free flying experience.

有一次真正無憂無慮的飛行旅程。

6. Flicking through the channels on an otherwise boring night and a movie you love, but would never think to watch, is just starting.

在一個(gè)無聊的夜晚調(diào)臺(tái)時(shí)，正好發(fā)現(xiàn)某臺(tái)有一部你喜歡卻沒有機(jī)會(huì)去看的電影才剛剛開始。

7. Arriving at the subway station right on time to catch both your trains, original and transfer.

當(dāng)你到達(dá)地鐵站時(shí)，正好趕上你想搭乘的列車(直達(dá)或換乘都行)。

8. Driving through a crowded parking lot and finding yourself right behind someone in the first spot who is just leaving.

在擁擠的停車場剛好找到一個(gè)正要空出的停車位。

9. Waking up in the middle of the night and seeing it’s 3:00am and you still have a few hours to sleep.

在午夜醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)才早上3點(diǎn)，你還可以再睡上幾個(gè)小時(shí)。

10. Finding out they are bringing back one of your favorite cancelled TV shows.

正好發(fā)現(xiàn)一部你很喜歡但已取消播出的電視節(jié)目又重新上演。

11. Checking your bank account the morning after a long, crazy night out and discovering you only spent .

出去玩度過了一個(gè)漫長而又瘋狂的夜晚，早上查賬發(fā)現(xiàn)你只花了30美金。

12. Finding money in your coat pocket from last year.

在衣服的口袋里找到了去年放進(jìn)去的錢。

13. Snapping a good photograph of everyone in the picture on the first try.

只試了一次，就成功抓拍到了每個(gè)人。

14. Getting out of a traffic ticket.

成功逃掉一次交通罰款。

15. Saying the exact retort you want, at the exact moment you want to say it, instead of thinking of it after.

在正確的時(shí)間準(zhǔn)確說出了自己想要說出的話，而不是事后后悔。

16. A nice cashier says “I can take you over here” as you approach a long line at a register.

當(dāng)你在排很長的隊(duì)伍交款時(shí)，一位非常友好的收銀員說“請(qǐng)到這邊付款”。

17. A song perfectly fitting your mood comes on the radio or your playlist.

當(dāng)你聽收音機(jī)或者自己的播放列表時(shí)，一首歌正好戳中了你當(dāng)時(shí)的心情。

18. Realizing you’ve thought of a truly perfect gift for someone.

正好想到了一個(gè)非常完美的禮物送與別人。

19. That moment when, while hanging out with a new acquaintance, you both realize you’re actually going to be great friends.

和一位剛認(rèn)識(shí)的人出去玩，你們都認(rèn)為彼此以后會(huì)成為很好的朋友。

20. Seeing that the weather is going to be absolute perfection for an outdoor event.

發(fā)現(xiàn)外面的天氣非常好，絕對(duì)適合戶外活動(dòng)。

21. The moment of excitement after you’ve just booked a vacation to somewhere you’ve wanted to go for as long as you can remember.

正好有假期去一個(gè)你一直想去的地方旅行，覺得非常興奮。

22. Laughing so hard that you can’t catch your breath at something that is probably only funny to you and maybe one other person.

自己或者身邊其他人身上發(fā)生的一件很有趣的事情，讓人笑得喘不上氣來。

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