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GRE閱讀真題之OG Passage 17

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Passage 17

In the past ten years, there have been several improvements in mountain-climbing equipment. These improvements have made the sport both safer and more enjoyable for experienced climbers. Despite these improvements, however, the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has doubled in the past ten years.

1. Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy presented in the passage?

A. Many climbers, lulled into a false sense of security, use the new equipment to attempt climbing feats of which they are not capable.

B. Some mountain-climbing injuries are caused by unforeseeable weather conditions.

C. Mountain climbing, although a dangerous sport, does not normally result in injury to the experienced climber.

D. In the past ten years there have been improvements in mountain-climbing techniques as well as in mountain-climbing equipment.

E. Although the rate of mountain-climbing injuries has increased, the rate of mountain-climbing deaths has not changed.

GRE閱讀真題之OG Passage 18

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Passage 18

The condition of scholarship devoted to the history of women in photography is confounding. Recent years have witnessed the posthumous inflation of the role of the hobbyist Alice Austen into that of a pioneering documentarian while dozens of notable senior figures—Marion Palfi, whose photographs of civil-rights activities in the South served as early evidence of the need for protective legislation, to name one— received scant attention from scholars. And, while Naomi Rosenblum’s synoptic History of Women Photographers covers the subject through 1920 in a generally useful fashion, once she reaches the 1920s, when the venues, forms, applications, and movements of the medium expanded exponentially, she resorts to an increasingly terse listing of un-familiar names, with approaches and careers summarized in a sentence or two.

1. The author of the passage cites Rosenblum’s book most likely in order to

A. suggest that the works documented most thoroughly by historians of women in photography often do not warrant that attention

B. offer an explanation for the observation that not all aspects of the history of women in photography have received the same level of attention

C. provide an example of a way in which scholarship on the history of women in photography has been unsatisfactory

D. suggest that employing a strictly chronological approach when studying the history of women in photography may be unproductive

E. provide support for the notion that certain personalities in women’s photography have attained undue prominence

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

2. Which of the following statements about Marion Palfi is supported by the passage?

A. Marion Palfi’s photographs would have received greater recognition from historians had her work been done in an era when most aspects of photography were static rather than in a state of transition.

B. Alice Austen has achieved greater notoriety than has Marion Palfi primarily because the subjects that Austen photographed were more familiar to her contemporaries.

C. In addition to providing a record of certain historical events, Marion Palfi’s photographs played a role in subsequent events.

3. In the context in which it appears, “inflation” (line 2) most nearly means

A. exaggeration

B. acquisition

C. evaluation

D. distortion

E. attenuation

GRE閱讀真題之OG Passage 19

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Passage 19

When marine organisms called phytoplankton photosynthesize, they absorb carbon dioxide dissolved in seawater, potentially causing a reduction in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, a gas that contributes to global warming. However, phytoplankton flourish only in surface waters where iron levels are sufficiently high. Martin therefore hypothesized that adding iron to iron-poor regions of the ocean could help alleviate global warming. While experiments subsequently confirmed that such a procedure increases phytoplankton growth, field tests have shown that such growth does not significantly lower atmospheric carbon dioxide. When phytoplankton utilize carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, the carbon becomes a building block for organic matter, but the carbon leaks back into the atmosphere when predators consume the phytoplankton and respire carbon dioxide.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that Martin’s hypothesis includes which of the following elements?

A. A correct understanding of how phytoplankton photosynthesis utilizes carbon dioxide

B. A correct prediction about how the addition of iron to iron-poor waters would affect phytoplankton growth

C. An incorrect prediction about how phytoplankton growth would affect the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide

2. It can be inferred that the author of the passage mentions predators (line 10) primarily in order to

A. help explain why Martin’s hypothesis is incorrect

B. identify one effect of adding iron to iron-poor waters

C. indicate how some carbon dioxide is converted to solid organic matter

D. help account for differences in the density of phytoplankton between different regions of the ocean

E. point out a factor that was not anticipated by the scientists who conducted the field tests mentioned in the passage

gre閱讀OG答案

Passage 第一題 第二題 第三題 第四題

17 A

18 C C A

19 ABC A

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