托福閱讀句子插入題解題技巧

時(shí)間：2024-01-24 12:18:52 楚薇20由分享

托福閱讀考試中有10大類題型，針對這個(gè)題型的多樣性，考生在備考托福閱讀考試的時(shí)候就要對每一種題型進(jìn)行總結(jié)。這里小編為大家整理了托福閱讀句子插入題的解題方法，希望對大家輕松應(yīng)對托福閱讀考試。這里有8個(gè)解題步驟，大家一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下吧。

托福閱讀句子插入題解題策略

1、如果是段落之前的空，那么錯(cuò)誤率高達(dá)百分之九十九，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)段的第一句往往是段落的中心句，如果把第一句內(nèi)容改變了，同樣也是改變了整個(gè)句子甚至段落的意思。但兩段式的插入句子。第二個(gè)段落前面或者第一個(gè)段落后面的空格往往最容易是正確的。

2、空格后面出現(xiàn)代詞"this, these, that, those, he, she,they, it, such, each, other, one, another, both, each,anybody, none, some, any"等，一般都是錯(cuò)的，因?yàn)榇~不能跨距，如果在代詞的前面加入了一句話，那么就會改變代詞的指代對象。但也并不絕對，如果概念只有一個(gè)主語，其他格局出現(xiàn)連續(xù)指代前句，就無法排除后又代詞的選項(xiàng)，這就是例外情況。

3、被插入的句子中如果存在指代關(guān)系，如"this, these, that, those, he, she, they, it, such, each, other, one,another, both, each, anybody, none, some, any"等，建議不選擇整段最前面的空格，主要是因?yàn)椴迦刖浔旧頍o足輕重的地位，一般不會考察段落之間的承接關(guān)系。但要明確一點(diǎn)，兩段式插入句子除外。

4、正確的答案優(yōu)先考慮段落最后的空，并不是最后一個(gè)空格，而是空格在段落的最后。因?yàn)槭欠旁诙挝驳模旧韺ξ恼聸]有過多的印象，所以優(yōu)先考慮。

5、如果空格后出現(xiàn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，而句子又不是在強(qiáng)調(diào)某件事，所以一般不建議選擇，時(shí)間一般和前句所發(fā)生的時(shí)間銜接較為緊密，不可拆分。

6、空格后如果出現(xiàn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、遞進(jìn)等銜接詞，那么這個(gè)空格可以作為次要考慮的最佳位置。因?yàn)椴迦刖涑衅鸩坏侥敲磸?qiáng)悍的、連接句間邏輯關(guān)系作用的!但經(jīng)過詳細(xì)排查位置之后，無奈之下但能對應(yīng)或前或后的信息，則可以插入。

7、插入句中如果出現(xiàn)積極或消極概念，有兩種可能，第一、插入句為消極和前句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折對立，則前一句存在積極概念;第二、插入句和前句構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)解釋，則前一句為存在消極概念。

8、舉例之前，問句之前都不作為參考的位置。此外，插入句如果存在表示"也"的內(nèi)容，那么看第一次出現(xiàn)"也"后面的內(nèi)容或者概念。

托福閱讀備考必背的短語

1. a couple of 兩三個(gè)，幾個(gè)

Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later.

2. account for 解釋

Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance.

3. adapt to 使適應(yīng)于

They have been able to adapt to ecological changes.

4, adorn with sth 用…裝飾

Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations.

5.appeal to 吸引

Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults

6.apply to 適用于

Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the 1960’s.

7.at best 充其量，最多

Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food, even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits.

8.at intervals 相隔一定距離

However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual.

9.at the expense of sth 在損害…的情況下

A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures.

10.at the height of sth 在…最鼎盛時(shí)期

The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.

11.back and forth 來回地

They then spiral back and forth between the Earth's magnetic poles very rapidly.

12.be absent from 缺席，不在

Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women line were not considered an important force in history.

13.be capable of 能…的

Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools.

14. be characterized by 以…為特征

The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain.

15.be composed of 由…組成

Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.

16.be concerned with 與某事物有關(guān)

Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its evolutionary history.

17.be distinct from 與…不同

Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a low-density type quite distinct from the terrestrial planets

18.be essential to 對…不可缺少

Public performance is essential to verbal art.

19.be exposed to 使接觸，使遭受

Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air.

20.be far from 離…很遠(yuǎn)，根本不是

But far from being random, molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration.

托福閱讀詞匯題怎么尋找線索

很多同學(xué)在面對托福閱讀考試中的詞匯題的時(shí)候，都感覺比較苦惱。想要更好的解答這類題型，大家除了基本的練習(xí)之外，還要學(xué)會尋找線索，即使我們不能理解到詞匯的意思，也能夠利用技巧，來輔助我們更好的解答題型。

在托福閱讀文章中被考到的單詞或短語會被用陰影標(biāo)識出來

☆ In the case of a word, the question might be :

The word X in the passage is closest in meaning to

☆ In the case of a phrase, the question might be :

In stating X, the author means that

The phrase X in the passage is closest in meaning to

其中，以第一種形式，也就是考察考生某單詞在文章上下文中意思的問題類型最為常見。

那么，該如何答題：

1. 在文章中定位到陰影標(biāo)識的單詞或短語。

2. 仔細(xì)閱讀該詞或短語所在句子。

3. 在句子中尋找可以幫助理解陰影標(biāo)識的單詞或短語的具體意思的線索。

4. 選擇答案，并將所選擇的單詞或短語放入原文進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，以確認(rèn)這個(gè)句子在全文中仍是有意義的。

選擇答案時(shí)，不要僅僅因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)選項(xiàng)符合該單詞的某一個(gè)正確意思就將其作為正確選項(xiàng);題目考察的是作者在文章上下文中使用了那一個(gè)詞義。

如何利用各種托福閱讀詞匯題線索

☆ 結(jié)構(gòu)線索(即指明句子中各成分之間關(guān)系的特定單詞、短語和語法結(jié)構(gòu))

1. 對比

Example: OG Practice Set 5, question 6

Passage 5: In this newly emerging economic order, workers sometimes organized to protect their rights and traditional ways of life. Craftworkers such as carpenters and tailors formed unions and in 1834 individual unions came together in the National Trades’ Union. The labor movement gathered some momentum in the decade before the Panic of 1837, but in the depression that followed, labor’s strength collapsed…

The phrase gathered some momentum in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ made progress

○ became active

○ caused changes

○ combined forces

解析：單詞readily所在的文章句子中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but, 根據(jù)文章中but后面的內(nèi)容我們可以得出短語gathered some momentum在此句中的意思為made progress。

2. 例子

Example: OG Practice Set 4, question 10

Passage 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people often distort other people’s motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not.

The word distort in the passage is closest in meaning to

○ mistrust

○ misinterpret

○ criticize

○ resent

解析：distort所在的文章句子后出現(xiàn)“for example”, 根據(jù)for example中的內(nèi)容，我們可以得出distort在此句中的意思為misinterpret。