虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用要點(diǎn)
虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種動(dòng)詞形式，表示說(shuō)話人的一種愿望，假設(shè)，懷疑，猜測(cè)，建議等含義，虛擬語(yǔ)氣所表示的含義不是客觀存在的事實(shí)。 接下來(lái)，小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用要點(diǎn),歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用要點(diǎn)
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的話，我就會(huì)帶走他們。 If I had met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰見了李華，我就告訴他了。 If I had time. I could come to help you. 如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)來(lái)幫助你的。 He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建議說(shuō)我們的班應(yīng)該分成五個(gè)小組。 He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他給我們講的好象他去過(guò)那兒。
虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法
1) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在簡(jiǎn)單句中，表示祝愿，命令。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我們的友情天長(zhǎng)地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快! You go out! 你出去!
2) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。動(dòng)詞 wish, suggest,order,insist, propose1,等詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一種虛擬語(yǔ)氣，賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作表示的只是一種愿望、要求。
I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一邊。
I wish I could help him. 我希望我能幫助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means2. 他堅(jiān)持要我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那兒。
動(dòng)詞 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的從句中，"should" 可以省略。
The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老師建議我們課后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求學(xué)生每周都要自己洗衣服。
3) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在主語(yǔ)從句中。
在句型 "It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... " 中，that 后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用： should + 動(dòng)詞原形。
It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我們有必要出去散散步。
It's natural that she should do so. 她這樣做是很自然的。
It's important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。
4) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在狀語(yǔ)從句中。
虛擬語(yǔ)氣最多地用在表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句和表示結(jié)果的從句中。在表示與事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，動(dòng)詞有三種時(shí)態(tài)形式，即現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去和將來(lái)。
A.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的： If I (we,you,he,they)+ 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式.. if I (he,she) were... I (we) should + 動(dòng)詞原形。 He (you,they) would + 動(dòng)詞原形。
B.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的： If I(we,you,he,they)+ had + 過(guò)去分詞 I(we)should + have+ 過(guò)去分詞。He (you,they) would + have + 過(guò)去分詞。
If I were you, I should buy it. 如果我是你，我就買了它。
If I had time, I would study French. 如果我有時(shí)間，我會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)的。
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英語(yǔ)的話，她不會(huì)找我?guī)兔Φ摹?/p>
If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一點(diǎn)起床，就會(huì)趕上火車的。
If it were fine tomorrow,I would go shopping. 如果明天天氣好，我就去買東西。
有關(guān)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的幾個(gè)問題
1) 有時(shí)if引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句可以省略 if，而把從句中的動(dòng)詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語(yǔ)前面。
Were she younger, she would do it . 如果她年青點(diǎn)， 她就會(huì)干的。
Had he known3 her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址，他會(huì)去看她的。
2) 有時(shí)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一個(gè)主句或者一個(gè)條件從句。
I could help you. 我本來(lái)可以幫助你。
If I had time. 我要有時(shí)間該多好啊!
She should have come to the party. 她應(yīng)該來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。
If he had much more money. 如果他有更多的錢就能...。
3) 虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作可以和主句的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作時(shí)態(tài)不一致。
If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now. 如果他們以前努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，現(xiàn)在干的就會(huì)容易些。
If he had not taken my advice, he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會(huì)干得這樣好。
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