2017高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題技巧
2017年高考馬上就要開(kāi)始了，大家在復(fù)習(xí)備考過(guò)程中一定要了解改錯(cuò)題技巧，下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理關(guān)于2017高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題技巧的內(nèi)容，希望大家喜歡!
2017高考英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題技巧
高考中英語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)題有1：1：2：6的規(guī)律，即正確一行，缺詞一行，多詞一二行，錯(cuò)詞六行。答題時(shí)請(qǐng)從以下幾點(diǎn)著眼：
1.句中的時(shí)態(tài)、主謂、代詞一致嗎?
2.句中的謂語(yǔ)完整嗎?
3.習(xí)慣用法固定搭配正確嗎?
4.冠詞、形容詞、副詞及關(guān)系詞得當(dāng)嗎?
5.該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)嗎?
6.從句的連接詞對(duì)了嗎?
7.從句中的謂語(yǔ)完整嗎?
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法一、查時(shí)態(tài)是否一致
時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤幾乎是每年NMET短文改錯(cuò)中必設(shè)的改錯(cuò)題。要有目的地去檢查文中的每一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與上下文、語(yǔ)境以及該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是否相符和一致。例如： Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (NMET' 93) is 應(yīng)改為was， 使之與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past一致。
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法二、查主謂是否一致
在檢查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是否正確的同時(shí)，還要注意檢查該動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上是否與主語(yǔ)保持了一致。例如：
1.Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. (NMET' 94)cost應(yīng)改為costs，因 其主語(yǔ)是it(為形式主語(yǔ))，且上下文均為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2.The new boy or girl in school quickly become one of the class…(NMET'93)由or連接的兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)由靠近謂語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，故become應(yīng)改為becomes。
主謂語(yǔ)一致的情況較為復(fù)雜，考生平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)要留心歸納。有些特殊句式的主謂一致問(wèn)題很容易被忽視，如倒裝句、關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)的情況等，答題時(shí)要高度重視。
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法三、查指代是否一致
對(duì)于短文中出現(xiàn)的每一個(gè)代詞都要查一下它所指代的內(nèi)容以及在句中的作用，注意其數(shù)、格、詞性是否正確和前后一致，包括人稱代詞、指標(biāo)代詞、反身代詞、關(guān)系代詞以及疑問(wèn)代詞等。指代錯(cuò)誤也是高考改錯(cuò)題中常設(shè)的改錯(cuò)題。例如：
1.We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe…(NMET'92)根據(jù)上下文 ，句中的They屬指代不一致，應(yīng)改為We。
2.The game speaks for themselves. ( MET'90) 句中的反身代詞themselves應(yīng)改為單數(shù)itself，因?yàn)橹复氖菃螖?shù)主語(yǔ)the game。
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法四、查平行結(jié)構(gòu)是否平行一致
由and，or，but，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only …but also…，as well as等并列連詞和詞 組連接的結(jié)構(gòu)可稱為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。平行結(jié)構(gòu)在詞性、時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式上往往要求前后一致。答題時(shí)要留心平行結(jié)構(gòu)前后是否對(duì)等平行，這也是常設(shè)的錯(cuò)誤。例如：
Modern people know…，have better food，and to live in cleaner surroundings.(NMET'93)應(yīng)將 to live前的to刪掉，因?yàn)閍nd連接的是know，have，live三個(gè)并列平行的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其時(shí)態(tài)和形式必須一致。
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法五、查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與修飾詞語(yǔ)或上下文是否一致
名詞數(shù)的錯(cuò)誤也是高考常設(shè)的改錯(cuò)題。要查一下名詞是否可數(shù)，與其修飾語(yǔ)是否一致。例如：
1.…They have been to Europe many time. (NMET'92)time(次)顯然與修飾語(yǔ)many不一致，應(yīng)改為times。
2.(They) … asked me lots of question.(NMET'96)question 是可數(shù)名詞，其修飾詞是lots of，當(dāng)然應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)questions。
英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)秒殺法六、查行文邏輯是否一致
查這方面的錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)從文章整體內(nèi)容出發(fā)，通篇考慮，以行為單位是難以發(fā)現(xiàn)這種錯(cuò)誤的。邏輯不一致主要是由肯定與否定、關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)以及動(dòng)詞(如come與go，take與bring)的誤用所造成的，應(yīng)多從這方面去查找。 例如：
1.Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill.(NM ET'93)根據(jù)行文邏輯，這里不應(yīng)該由since來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，而應(yīng)該是when/whenever或if來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間或 條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
2.We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do. (NMET'91)根據(jù)行文邏輯，表示并列關(guān)系的and 應(yīng)改為表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but。
短文改錯(cuò)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類型：
1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;③主謂不一致; ④缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞; ⑤第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;⑥主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改為do，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于①) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改為visited, 錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于④) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改為were，錯(cuò)誤類型屬于③)
2. 名詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。I’ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改為subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改為words) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改為knowledge)
3. 連詞錯(cuò)誤 連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/ or/but等。關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (錯(cuò)用了who的所有格形式，改為whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此處應(yīng)該是并列的關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折，but改為and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意為“盡管”，不能再跟but連用，所以去掉but)
4. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤：誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來(lái)判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為the，thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)
5. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動(dòng)詞smell/feel);詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞)。I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名詞所以要用形容詞wonderful修飾) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容詞，terribly改為terrible.)
6. 代詞錯(cuò)誤：代詞的主格和賓格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改為myself) One dayI wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) What’smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改為them)
7. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致(尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí));介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ);某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接動(dòng)名詞，talk改為talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)改為going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，read改為reading) Iparticularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)
8. 介詞錯(cuò)誤：詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改為in，in myfamily 為固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引導(dǎo)從句)
15個(gè)英語(yǔ)萬(wàn)能過(guò)渡句型
01
那就是(說(shuō))……;亦即……
That is to say，。。。
That is ，。。。
Namely，。。。
That is to say， it is possible for it to show various colors。
也就是說(shuō)，它表現(xiàn)出多種多樣的顏色是可能的。
02
基于這個(gè)理由
For this reason，。。。
For this reason， prices can supposedly never go down。
出于這個(gè)原因，可以推測(cè)價(jià)格不會(huì)下降。
03
我們有理由相信。。……
We have reasons to believe (that)。。。
We have abundant reasons to believe that he is a good comrade。
我們有充分的理由相信他是一位好同志。
04
事實(shí)上
As a matter of fact，。。。
in fact
As a matter of fact， you‘ve been there many times。
事實(shí)上， 你曾有過(guò)太多次這樣的體驗(yàn)
05
例如
For example，。。。
Take。。。for example。
Let me take Edison for example。
讓我以愛(ài)迪生為例。
06
此外，我們不應(yīng)忽視。。……
Besides(In addition)， we should not neglect。。。
Besides， we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society。
此外，我們不應(yīng)該忽視每個(gè)人都想要一個(gè)溫馨祥和的社會(huì)。
07
相反地……
on the contrary，。。。
by contrast，。。。
On the contrary， many people defended him。
相反，很多人還為他進(jìn)行辯護(hù)。
08
另一方面
On the other hand，。。。
On the other hand， the public also should develop the good habit of reducingpollution。
政府應(yīng)嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法?另一方面?大眾也應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)減少污染的好習(xí)慣。
09
然而很可惜的是。。。
However， it is a pity that。。。
However， it is a pity that he always does not work hard。
然而，很可惜的是他總是不用功。
010
換言之……
in other words。。。
to put it differently
In other words， you should read and speak English everyday。
換句話說(shuō)，你應(yīng)該讀每天讀英文和說(shuō)英文。
011
別人可能認(rèn)為這是事實(shí)，但我不是。我認(rèn)為……
It may be true as assumed by others， but I don‘t。 I believe that。。。
It may be true as assumed by others， but I don‘t。 I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance， the success will certainly come to you in the end。
別人可能認(rèn)為這是事實(shí)，但我不是。我認(rèn)為如果你有很大的決心和毅力，成功最后一定屬于你。
012
從此以后，我已發(fā)現(xiàn)
Ever since then， I have found that。。。
Ever since then， I have found that smiling is the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily life。
從此之后，我已發(fā)現(xiàn)微笑是避免我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪邪l(fā)生糾紛的最好辦法。
013
這樣說(shuō)來(lái)，假如…當(dāng)然毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地。。。
In this light， If。。。，there can surely be no doubt(that)。。。
In this light， if we can make good use of time， there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere。
這樣說(shuō)來(lái)?假如我們能善用時(shí)間?當(dāng)然毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地我們會(huì)成功。
014
更嚴(yán)重的是。。……
What is more serious is (that)。。。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife。
更嚴(yán)重的是?我們不珍惜野生動(dòng)物
015
鑒于社會(huì)的實(shí)際需要……
In view of the practical need of society，。。。
In view of the practical need of society， there are more and more people interested in learning English。
鑒于社會(huì)的實(shí)際需要賂愈來(lái)愈多人對(duì)學(xué)英語(yǔ)有興趣。
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