2017八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
2017八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語的知識(shí)點(diǎn)大家學(xué)習(xí)了多少？下面是小編為大家精心整理的2017八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)，僅供參考。
八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit 1. what’s the matter?
一.重點(diǎn)短語歸納
1. foot---feet 腳 <復(fù)> tooth---teeth 牙齒 <復(fù)>
2. have a cold 感冒
3. have a stomachache 胃疼
4. have a sore back背疼
5. have a sore throat喉嚨疼
6. have a fever發(fā)燒
7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休息
8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的熱茶
9. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī) see a doctor 看醫(yī)生
10.drink lots of water多喝水
11.lots of ,a lot of, a lot
a lot of=lots of，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中。：
There are lots of ( a lot of) books in our library.
There is a lot of water on the ground
a lot,是一個(gè)副詞詞組，跟動(dòng)詞連用;表示十分，很等意思; Thanks a lot.
12. have a toothache牙疼
13. That’s a good idea好主意
14. go to bed 去睡覺 go to bed early 早上床睡覺
15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well
我感覺不舒服.
16. start doing/ to do sth開始做某事
TO DO 是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情
DOING是原來的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。
17. two days ago兩天前
18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一會(huì)兒
19. I think so我認(rèn)為是這樣
20. be thirsty口渴
21. be hungry 饑餓
22. be stressed out緊張
23. listen to music聽音樂
24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
25. traditional Chinese doctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)
26. need to do sth 需要做某事
I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙醫(yī).
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我們需要保持教室的干凈.
27. a balance of yin and yang陰陽平衡
28. for example例如
29. too much yin太多的陰, 陰氣太盛
too much + 不可數(shù)名詞 太多的…
much too +形/副 實(shí)在太… 極其，非常
too many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 太多的…
30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 對(duì)什么有益 ，對(duì)什么有好處
be bad for sth./ doing sth. 對(duì)什么有害
be good to 對(duì)…好
be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅長(zhǎng)
be good(bad) for、be good at的相關(guān)用法
1.be good for 對(duì)......有益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
做早操對(duì)你們的建康有益。
2.be good at 擅長(zhǎng)于......
Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅長(zhǎng)于籃球。
= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅長(zhǎng)于打籃球。
be good at = do well in 如：
I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅長(zhǎng)于數(shù)學(xué)。
3.be good to 對(duì)......好
Parents are always good to their children.父母親總是對(duì)他們的孩子好。
31.get good grades 取得好成績(jī)
32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的氣
I was angry with him for keeping me waiting. 我對(duì)他很生氣，因?yàn)樗屛业攘撕镁谩?/p>
be angry at/ about sth 就某事生氣
33.Chinese medicine 中藥
34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行
Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries. 現(xiàn)在中藥在許多西方國家受歡迎。
35.in western countries在西方國家
36.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。
37.balanced diet平衡飲食
38.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired
39.go out at night在晚上出去
When you are tired, you shouldn’t go out at night. 疲倦時(shí)，晚上你不該外出
40.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health
41.at the moment此時(shí)，此刻= now
I’m not feeling very well at the moment
42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth
enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興，過得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun
43. conversation practice會(huì)話練習(xí)
44. host family 寄宿家庭
45. have a lot of headaches經(jīng)常疼痛
I’m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲勞，而且經(jīng)常頭痛。
46. a few + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 少許…
a little + 不可數(shù)名詞/形/副 一點(diǎn)…
47.He shouldn’t eat anything
=He should eat nothing. 他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.
48.give sb some advice給某人建議give advice 提出建議
advice 是不可數(shù)名詞
a piece of advice 一則建議 take one’s advice 采納或聽從某人的建議
He gave me some good advice.
他向我提了一些很好的意見。
49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小時(shí)
50.take medicine 吃藥 服藥
I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因?yàn)楦忻?，我不得不一天吃三次藥?/p>
二 固定結(jié)構(gòu)
It’s +形 + for sb. + to do sth.
做某事對(duì)某人來說是…的。
It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對(duì)我來說是很重要的.
It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案對(duì)我們來說是容易的
三.重點(diǎn)句子
1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦?
=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t … 那太糟糕了. 你應(yīng)該/不該…
You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing. 他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西.
3.I’m not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替
I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感覺不舒服.
4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么時(shí)候開始的?大約兩天前
5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起來
這里better是well的比較級(jí)
6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)認(rèn)為我們需要陰陽調(diào)和以保持身體健康。
這里 to be healthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作目的狀語
7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef. 你應(yīng)該吃一些像牛肉之類的陽性食物。
8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃黨參和黃芪等草本植物也對(duì)這有好處。
9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太緊張易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽性食物。too much后跟不可數(shù)名詞，而too many后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . 有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。
→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要
11.You should rest for a few nights. 你應(yīng)該休息幾個(gè)晚上
12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I don’t think I’m improving.
我每天晚上學(xué)到很晚，有時(shí)到凌晨2點(diǎn)鐘，但我認(rèn)為我沒有提高。
13believe in 信任某人，強(qiáng)調(diào)品質(zhì)，believe sb.相信某人的話
I believe him, but I can’t believe in him.
他的話是真的，但是我不信任他這個(gè)人。
14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist .
→ need意思為 “需要” ，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，否定式為don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need (to do sth.) ;作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用于否定句或疑問句中，否定式為needn’t(do sth.) ，除有過去式外，沒有其它的形態(tài)變化
四.知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)
1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法
should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為"應(yīng)該......"。
should(應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該)用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。
eg. You should wait a little more.
你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。
--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。
--- You should lie down and have a rest.你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。
2maybe與may be
1.maybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當(dāng)于“perhaps”。如：
Maybe he can answer the question. 也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。
He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
2.may be中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯為“可能是......”。如：
He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我們的英語老師
3too many,too much與much too
1.too many意為“太多”，用于修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。如：
There are too many students in our class. 我們班上有太多的學(xué)生。
2.too much意為“太多”，用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：
We have too much work to do. 我們有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示“太”，用來修飾形容詞或副詞。如：
The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
箱子太重了，所以我搬不動(dòng)它。
4 few、a few、little、a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系：
1.few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有;a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個(gè)。 例如：
He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。
2.little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。
a little 表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。 例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?
我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎?
5 not…until 直到 …(否定句) 才，動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞
She didn’t leave until we came.
He went shopping after he got up.
=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up.
……until/till 直到··· (肯定句)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.
八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.
一.知識(shí)點(diǎn)： 短語動(dòng)詞小結(jié)
常見短語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種：
1.動(dòng)詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關(guān)掉 stay up 熬夜
這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動(dòng)
詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間，也可放
在短語動(dòng)詞后。
2. 動(dòng)詞+介詞 如：listen of 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬于
這種結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟賓語。
3. 動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出
run out of 用完，耗盡
4. 動(dòng)詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住
1.cheer (sb.) up 使(某人)高興、振作 如：cheer me up 使我高興
clean up 打掃 clean-up n. 打掃
2. homeless adj. 無家可歸的 a homeless boy 一個(gè)無家可歸的男孩home n. 家
4. sick adj. 生病的 作表語、定語
ill adj. 生病的 作表語 ，不能作定語
5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效勞、主動(dòng)貢獻(xiàn)
volunteer n. 志愿者
6. come up with 提出 想出 === think up 想出
catch up with 趕上 追上
7. put off doing 推遲做某事
put on 穿上 (指過程)
put up 張貼
8. write down 寫下 記下
9. call up 打電話
make a telephone call 打電話
10. set up 成立 建立
The new hospital was set up in 2000. 這座醫(yī)院是在2000年成立的。
11. each 每個(gè) 各自的 強(qiáng)調(diào)第一個(gè)人或事物的個(gè)別情況 常與of 連用
every 每個(gè) 每一個(gè)的 一切的 則有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用
12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用
They put the new machine to use. 他們把新機(jī)器投入使用
13. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study
help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English
help do 幫助做某事 help study
14. plan to do 計(jì)劃做某事
plan + 從句
I plan to go to Beijing. === I plan (that) I will go to Beijing.
我計(jì)劃去北京。
15. spend … doing 花費(fèi)…做… I spent a day visiting Beijing.
我花了一天的時(shí)間去參觀北京。
spend… on sth. 花費(fèi)…在… I spent 3 years on English.
16.not only … but (also) … 不但… 而且… 用來連接兩個(gè)并列的成分
(1)引導(dǎo)以 not only …but (also)… 開頭的句子往往引起部分倒裝。
因此 ⑴Not only do I feel good but (also)…. 是倒裝句。也是說得要
把前面的句子中的助動(dòng)詞或者是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語的前面。如：
?、貼ot only can I do it but (also) I can do best.
我不僅能做到而且做得最好。
?、芅ot only…but (also)… 接兩主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞隨后面的主語人稱和數(shù)的變化 也就是就近原則 如：
?、貼ot only Lily but (also) you like cat. 不僅莉莉而且你也喜歡貓。
?、贜ot only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不僅你而且莉莉喜歡貓。
常見的就近原則的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
?、貼either… nor…即不…也不… (兩者都不)Neither you nor I like him. 我和你都不喜歡他。
?、贓ither… or… 不是…就是… (兩者中的一個(gè))Either Lily or you are a student.
?、跱ot only …but (also)…
?、躎here be
17. join 參加 (指參加團(tuán)體、組織) 如：join the Party 入黨
take part in 參加 (指參加活動(dòng)) 如：
take part in sports meeting 參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)
18. run out 與 run out of
?、賠un out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時(shí)間，食物，金錢，油等，本
身就含有被動(dòng)意義。
His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快就花光了。
My patience has completely run out. 我沒有一點(diǎn)耐心了。
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。
?、趓un out of 主語為人，表示主動(dòng)含義。
He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。
兩者在一定條件下可以互換
如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了
= We are running out of petrol. 我們快把汽油用完了。
Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時(shí)間不多了。= We are running out of time
19. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)與(父母等)相像
be similar to 與..相像 take after 相像
look after 照顧 take care of 照顧
20. work out v. + adj.
?、俳Y(jié)局，結(jié)果為
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個(gè)策略效果很好。
?、谒愠?，制訂出，消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲乏似的。
He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。
I have worked out our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費(fèi)用。
21. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑蕩。
22. be able to do 能 會(huì)
be unable to do 不能 不會(huì)
23. thank you for doing 謝謝做某事 如：
thank you for helping me 謝謝做幫助我
24. for sure 確實(shí)如此，毫無疑問
You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。
25. fill… with… 使…充滿… 用…填充…
She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填滿碗。
26. like prep. 像…
27. help sb. out 幫助…做事，解決難題(擺脫困境)
I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我不能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)問題，請(qǐng)你幫我解決。
28. train n. 火車 train v. 訓(xùn)練
train sb. to do. 訓(xùn)練某人做某事
She trains her dog to fetch things. 她訓(xùn)練她的狗去取東西。
29. at once == right away 立刻 馬上 如：
Do it at once. 馬上去做。
I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我馬上去那里。
30. one day 有一天 (指將來/過去) some day 有一天(指將來) 如：
One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。
Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我將去北京。
31. specially adv. 特意地 專門地 特別地 special adj. 特別的
32. donation n. 捐贈(zèng)物 donate v. 捐贈(zèng) 贈(zèng)送
33. part of speech 詞性 詞類
34. disabled adj. 肢體有殘疾的 disable v. 不能
35. hand out 分發(fā) hand out bananas
give out 分發(fā) give out sth to sb. 分….給某人
give up doing 放棄… give up smoking 放棄吸煙
give away 贈(zèng)送 捐贈(zèng) give away sth. to …. give away money to kids
give sb. sth. 給某人某東西 give me money 給我錢
give sth. to sb. 給某人某東西 give money to me 給我線
36. volunteer ①可數(shù)名詞 “志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的
vi. volunteer to do sth
They are the Chinese People’s Volunteers. 他們是中國人民志愿軍。
I volunteer to help you. 我自愿幫助你。
37. no longer = not … any longer 指時(shí)間上不再延續(xù)。
no more = not … any more 指動(dòng)作上不再延續(xù)。
二.短語
1.clean up 清掃
2.give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)放
3.cheer up=make…happier 使...高興，使...振作
4.after school study program 課外學(xué)習(xí)班
5.come up with=think up 提出，想出
6.put off 推遲
7.write down 寫下，記下
8.put up 張貼
9.hand out 分發(fā)，發(fā)放
10.call up 打電話
11.ser up=establish 建立
12.be home to sb 是某人的家園
13.volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花時(shí)間干...
14.put…to use… 把...投入使用
15.elementary school 小學(xué)
16.plan to do sth 計(jì)劃干...打算干
17.coach a football team for kids 訓(xùn)練少年足球隊(duì)
18.start a Chinese History club 開辦一個(gè)中國史俱樂部
19.run out of 用完，耗盡
20.take after 在性格或長(zhǎng)相方面與父母相象
21.fix up 修理
22.give away 捐贈(zèng)
23.be similar to 與...相似
24.ask for 索要
25.a call-in center for parents 家長(zhǎng)熱線
26.hang out 閑蕩
27.put up signs asking for singing jobs 張貼尋求唱歌工作的廣告
28.run out of money for singing lessons 學(xué)唱歌的錢用完了
29.disabled people 殘疾人
30.for sure 確實(shí)如此，毫無疑問
31.fill…with... 用...填充... be full of 裝滿了...
32.help...out 幫助...做事，解決難題(擺脫困境)
33.a specially trained dog 一只經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練的狗
34.train sb to do sth 訓(xùn)練某人干...
35.fetch my book 把我的書拿來
36.part of speech 詞性
三.句子
1.We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from
now. 我們不能推遲制訂計(jì)劃，清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。
2.She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰W(xué)的課后輔導(dǎo)中心工作，使這個(gè)愛好得到較好的利用
3.Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 幫助別人不但自己感到快樂，而且我開始花時(shí)間做自己喜歡做的事了。
4.The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 這三個(gè)學(xué)生計(jì)劃在他們校開展一個(gè)學(xué)生志愿者項(xiàng)目。
5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他還貼了一些需求舊自行車的告。
6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 幾米想出的這個(gè)辦法很效。
7.He did a radio interview. 他接受了電臺(tái)的采訪。
8.We need to come up with a plan. 我們需要指定一個(gè)計(jì)劃。
9.You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以幫助打掃城市公園。
10.He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who
don’t have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛要修理的自行車，并準(zhǔn)備把這些修好的自行車贈(zèng)送給那些沒有自行車的孩子。
八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
一.重要詞組及短語
1. could you please do sth.? 你能……嗎?/ 請(qǐng)你干……好嗎?
2. do the chores 做雜務(wù)
3. do the dishes 洗餐具
4. sweep the floor 清掃地板
5. take out the trash 倒垃圾
6. make one's bed 鋪床
7. fold one's clothes 疊衣服
8. clean the living room 清掃客廳
9. stay out late 晚歸
10. come over 過來
11. have a test 考試
12. get a ride 搭車
13. use one's computer 使用某人的電腦
14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 討厭某事/做某事
like to do (doing) sth.
15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服
16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做飯
17. wash the car 刷車
18. work on 從事，忙于
work at 學(xué)習(xí)、致力于、在……上下工夫
19. borrow some money 借一些錢
borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)
lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借給某人某物(借出)
You can borrow some money from your brother.
你可以向你哥哥借些錢。
Can you lend me your bike? 你能借給我你的自行車嗎?
20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事
They invited me to join their club. 他們邀請(qǐng)我參加俱樂部。
invite sb to a place
invite you to my party
21. go to the store 去商店
22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事
agree with sb. 同意某人的意見
disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事
disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意見
23. take care of = look after 照顧、照看、照料
take good care of = look after … well 把……照管得好
26. take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步
27. play with sb. 和某人玩
28. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(做過)
(1)do, make 短語歸類
do the dishes 洗餐具
do my homework 做我的家庭作業(yè)
do chores 做家務(wù)，處理瑣事
do the laundry 洗衣
do the shopping 購物
do some reading 讀書
make your bed 鋪床
make breakfast 做早餐
make dinner 做晚飯
make tea 泡茶，沏茶
make a cup of coffee 沖一杯咖啡
(2)關(guān)于 to 的短語總結(jié)：
have to do sth. 不得不，必須做某事
need to do sth. 需要做某事 hate to do sth. 討厭做某事
like to do sth. 喜歡做某事 want to do sth. 想做某事
love to do sth. 熱愛做某事 forget to do sth. 忘記做某事
start to do sth. 開始做某事 begin to do sth. 開始做某事
ask sb to do sth. 請(qǐng)某人做某事
二.重點(diǎn)句型
1. Could you please clean your room?
Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first.
2. Could I please use the car?
Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you can't. I have to go out.
在表示請(qǐng)求幫助或請(qǐng)求允許的疑問句中，常用 could 代替 can，以表示禮貌，委婉或不確定的語氣，而 can 則不具備這些語氣。這種情況下不能把 could 看作 can 的過去式。以上兩句中用 could 是為了表示禮貌的請(qǐng)求。表示請(qǐng)求幫助或請(qǐng)求允許時(shí)，除了 can, could 之外，還可以用 may，句子的表達(dá)方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式來表示同一個(gè)概念。例：
Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?
作允答可以各種各樣：
如同意可以說 Yes，或 Sure 或 Certainly，還可說 Yes, (do) please. 或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 That's OK / all right.
如果不同意，可以說 I'm sorry you can't. 或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免說 No, you can't. 這樣顯得很不禮貌。否定回答通常用委婉語氣。
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