高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是針對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行研究后,英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來(lái)的一系列語(yǔ)言規(guī)則。下面就是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn),希望能幫助到大家!
高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型
1. 陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
2. 一般疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
3. 特殊疑問(wèn)句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分?
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句例句:針對(duì)I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。
強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ):It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ):It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ):It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.
強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5. 注意:構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句的it本身沒(méi)有詞義;強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that, who,即使在強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)也如此,that, who不可省略;強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的時(shí)態(tài)只用兩種,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),用It was …… ,其余的時(shí)態(tài)用It is …… .
二、not … until … 句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句
1. 句型為:It is/ was not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that + 其他部分
e.g. 普通句:He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back.
強(qiáng)調(diào)句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2. 注意:此句型只用until,不用till.但如果不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,till, until可通用;因?yàn)榫湫椭蠭t is/ was not …… 已經(jīng)是否定句了,that后面的從句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。
三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)
1. It is/ was …… that …… 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ),如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí),用助動(dòng)詞do/ does或did.
e.g. Do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐。
He did write to you last week. 上周他確實(shí)給你寫(xiě)了信。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 過(guò)馬路時(shí),務(wù)必(千萬(wàn))要小心啊!
2. 注意:此種強(qiáng)調(diào)只用do/ does和did,沒(méi)有別的形式;過(guò)去時(shí)用did,后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。
高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
as, though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞放在連詞前。[參考倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)] 請(qǐng)注意下列句式的變化:
[例句]
1. Although/Though I'm young, I already know what career I want to follow.
→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.
我雖然年輕,但我已經(jīng)明白我應(yīng)該追隨什么樣的事業(yè)。
2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.
→Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 雖然我很尊重他,但是我不同意他的觀點(diǎn)。
3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
→Child(省略冠詞)as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他雖然還是個(gè)孩子,卻認(rèn)識(shí)了許多漢字。
4. Although he tried, he couldn't solve the problem.
→Try as he might, he couldn't solve the problem. 盡管他努力了,但是他沒(méi)有解決問(wèn)題。
5. Although it is raining, I'm going out for a walk.
→Raining as it is, I'm going out for a walk. 天雖然在下雨,我還是要出去散步。
6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 這次意外雖然顯得不可思議,卻沒(méi)有人受傷。
7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 雖然我很想幫助你,但是我有很多事要做。
8. Object as you may, I will go. 縱使你反對(duì),我也要去。
高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
反意疑問(wèn)句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
1.在一般疑問(wèn)句中,無(wú)論肯定的問(wèn)或是否定的問(wèn),如果回答為肯定則用yes,反之則用no.特別注意如果出現(xiàn)省略則看下文所暗示的意義。?
①—Are?you?a?new?comer??
—Yes,?I?came?here?only?yesterday.?
②—Isn’t?Tom?a?good?student??
—Yes,?he?is?excellent.?
③—Don’t?you?think?the?composition?good??
—No,?It?can’t?be?any?worse.?
注意:在②③句中,當(dāng)回答的意思與問(wèn)句相一致時(shí),則用No,譯為“是的”,當(dāng)回答的意思與問(wèn)句相反時(shí),則用Yes,譯為“不”??
2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must?
①?I?must?leave?now,?mustn’t?I???
②?He?must?be?in?the?classroom,?isn’t??(表推測(cè))?
③?He?must?have?finished?his?homework,?hasn’t?he???(表現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果)?
④?He?must?have?finished?his?homework?yesterday?afternoon,didn’t?he??(表過(guò)去)?
當(dāng)句子中有表示猜測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),其反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成不能再用原句中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,而應(yīng)根據(jù)原句在去掉情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的情況下的主謂關(guān)系來(lái)確定其反問(wèn)形式。??
高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)4
名詞性從句的幾個(gè)難點(diǎn)
(一)that不可省略的情況
1、主語(yǔ)從句,that從句置于句首時(shí);
2、當(dāng)一個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),引導(dǎo)第二和以后幾個(gè)從句的that不可省略;
3、由it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中,that不可以省略。
(二)wh-ever與no matter wh-的用法區(qū)別
Wh-ever既可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,又可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;而no matter wh-只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
(三)as if/though, because, why可以引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句
注意:because引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)不能是reason或cause,而且since,as不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。
(四)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
That引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句成分是完整的,that在從句中不擔(dān)當(dāng)任何成分;that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句成分是殘缺的,that在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。
高三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)5
助動(dòng)詞
1)協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的詞叫助動(dòng)詞。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱(chēng)作主要?jiǎng)釉~。助動(dòng)詞自身沒(méi)有詞義,不可單獨(dú)使用。例如:
He doesn′t like English. 他不喜歡英語(yǔ)。
(doesn′t是助動(dòng)詞,無(wú)詞義;like是主要?jiǎng)釉~,有詞義)
2) 助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用,可以用來(lái):
a. 表示時(shí)態(tài)。例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。(北京安通學(xué)校提供)
He has got married. 他已結(jié)婚。
b. 表示語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英國(guó)。
c. 構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句。例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here? 你來(lái)這兒之前學(xué)過(guò)英語(yǔ)嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構(gòu)成否定句。例如:
I don′t like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3) 最常用的助動(dòng)詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。
3 助動(dòng)詞be的用法
1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞,構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如:
They are having a meeting. 他們正在開(kāi)會(huì)。
English is becoming more and more important. 英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越重要。(北京安通學(xué)校提供)
2) be + 過(guò)去分詞,構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如:
The window was broken by Tom.. 窗戶(hù)是湯姆打碎的。
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