對(duì)于剛剛升入高中的高一學(xué)子來(lái)說(shuō),每一個(gè)科目的學(xué)習(xí)都是一項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。高一的英語(yǔ)的難度與深度都不是初中英語(yǔ)可以媲美的,以下是小編準(zhǔn)備的一些高一必修一英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納人教版，僅供參考。

高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit1

1.be good to對(duì)……友好be good for對(duì)……有益;be bad to…/be bad for…

2.add up加起來(lái) 增加

add up to合計(jì)，總計(jì)

add…to把……加到……

3.not…until/till意思是“直到…才”

4.get sth/sb done使……完成/使某人被……

5.calm down平靜下來(lái)

6.be concerned about關(guān)心，關(guān)注

7.當(dāng)while,when,before,after 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可將從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞省去。

While walking the dog,you were careless and it got loose.

8.cheat in the exam考試

9.go through經(jīng)歷;度過(guò);獲準(zhǔn)，通過(guò)

10.hide away躲藏;隱藏

11.set down寫(xiě)下，記下

12.I wonder if…我不知道是不是…

12.on purpose故意

13.sth happen to sb某人發(fā)生某事

sb happen to do sth某人碰巧做某事

it so happened that……正巧 碰巧

14.It is the first(second…)that…(從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))

15.in one’s power處于……的控制之中

16.It’s no pleasure doing…做…沒(méi)有樂(lè)趣

It’s no good/use doing sth.做某事是沒(méi)好處/沒(méi)用的

17.She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place.it做形式賓語(yǔ)

18.suffer from患…病;遭受

19.so…that…/such…thay…

20.get tired of…對(duì)…感到勞累 疲憊

21.have some trouble with sb/sth.在……上遇到了麻煩

22.get along with sb/sth.與某人相處

23.ask(sb)for advice.(向某人)征求建議

24.make后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)須用不帶to的不定式、形容詞、過(guò)去分詞、名詞等。常見(jiàn)的有以下幾種形式:

make sb.do sth.讓(使)某人做某事

make sb./sth.+adj.使某人/物…

make sb./oneself+v-ed 讓某人/自己被…

When you speak,you should make yourself understood.

make sb.+n.使某人成為…

25.alone /lonely.單獨(dú)的/孤獨(dú)的

26.I would be grateful if…委婉客氣提出請(qǐng)求

27.Why not do…=why don’t you do…

2高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit2

1.because of因?yàn)椤?注意和because 的區(qū)別)

2.even if(=even thoug)即使，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

3.come up走上前來(lái)，走近，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) come up with 追上，趕上，提出

4.communicate with sb和某人交流

5.be different from…與……不同

be different in…在……方面不同

Most of my projects are different in performance.我多數(shù)作品的演奏風(fēng)格都不同。

6.be based on以……為基礎(chǔ)

7.at present目前，眼下for the present眼前;暫時(shí)

8.make(good/better/full)use of

9.the latter后者 the former前者

10.a large number of大量的 the number of…的數(shù)量

11.such as例如

12.hold on堅(jiān)持住，握住不放;(打電話(huà)時(shí))等—會(huì)

13.…you will hear the difference in the way(that/in which)people speak.

你會(huì)聽(tīng)出人們?cè)谡f(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)的差異。

14.play a role/part(in)在…中擔(dān)任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一個(gè)角色

15.the same…as…與……一樣

16.at the top of…在…頂上

at the bottom of在……底部

17.bring up教養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育;提出

18.request sb(not)to do sth.要求某人做/不要做某事

19.be satisfied with…對(duì)……感到滿(mǎn)意，滿(mǎn)足于

20.suggest v.(request，insist…)

I suggested you do what he says.我建議你按照他說(shuō)的去做。

I suggest you not go tomorrow.我想你明天還是不要去了。

His pale face suggested that he was in bad health.他蒼白的臉色暗示了他身體不好。

注意：insist 意思為“堅(jiān)持要求”時(shí)后面的that從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣;如果insist 意為“強(qiáng)調(diào)，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”的時(shí)候，從句可以用任何所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為她沒(méi)撒謊。

21.according to…按照…根據(jù)…

3高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit3

1.prefer

Prefer doing…to doing…

Prefer to do rather than do

2.advantages/disadvantages優(yōu)勢(shì)/劣勢(shì)

2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢(mèng)想做一次偉大的自行車(chē)旅行。

連詞since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，介詞since與時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用

It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)自從……至今已經(jīng)多久了。

3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth說(shuō)服某人做某事

4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的任何句子成份。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時(shí)，用連詞that或who;如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是物，只能用連詞that。

not…until的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

5.be fond of喜歡，喜愛(ài)

6.Although盡管，雖然，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

① although 從句多在句首，though 從句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副詞用于句末，作“但是，不過(guò)”講，而although 無(wú)此用法。

② as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，盡管)中不能用although。

③ though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可以倒裝(將表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。

7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、堅(jiān)持主張

She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.

她老是一大早起來(lái)把收音機(jī)音量開(kāi)大

11.care about關(guān)心 在乎

care for喜歡，照料，照顧

12.change one’s mind改變主意

13.experience經(jīng)歷/經(jīng)驗(yàn)

14.Once可作為從屬連詞，作“一(旦)……就……”解，連接一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)\現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)。

Once you have begun you must continue.

15.give in讓步 give up 放棄

16.instead of代替，而不是

17.make up one’s mind to do下定決心做某事

18.a large parcel of一大包

19.as usual像往常一樣

20.put up our tent搭帳篷

21.stay awake睡不著，醒著stay up熬夜

22.for company做伴

23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下

24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事

25.go in the right direction走正確的方向

26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度

27.be similar to類(lèi)似于

28.afford to do sth付得起，能承擔(dān)

29.be tired from因……而疲勞be tired of對(duì)……厭倦

30.be in high spirits喜氣洋洋，興高采烈

31.come true實(shí)現(xiàn)，成真

32.give sb some advice on doing...

33.a guide to………的指南

34.on a tour在游覽中，在巡演中

35.in detail詳細(xì)地

4高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit4

1.right away毫不遲疑，立刻

2.It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。

從句表示“(在某人)看來(lái)好像;似乎”

① It seems/looks/appears as if/though…看起來(lái)好像…

② Sb./Sth.looks as if/though…

③ There seems/appears(to be)…

There appears to have been a mistake.

2.in ruins.變?yōu)閺U墟

3.Two-thirds

4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

5.under the weight of在……重壓下，迫于

6.in the open air在戶(hù)外，在野外，露天

7.take turns to do sth依次，輪流做某事

in turn依次地，輪流地

8.be shocked at對(duì)……感到震驚

9.be proud of以……為自豪

10.express one’s thanks to sb/for sth…對(duì)/因……表示感謝

11.without warning毫無(wú)預(yù)兆

12.next to緊接著，相鄰，次于

13.get away from…避免，擺脫，離開(kāi)

14.disaster-hit areas災(zāi)區(qū)

15.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.

聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)是一項(xiàng)很重要的技能，因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)我們懂得別人給我們說(shuō)什么我們才能與他交談。

16.It is believed that人們認(rèn)為…

17.hold up舉起;托住;支撐列舉，推舉

18.make up彌補(bǔ),虛構(gòu),整理,和解,化妝,拼湊

19.be trapped in被困于…

20.It is said that…據(jù)說(shuō)...

21.be fixed to…被固定到……

22.be tied to…被綁在……

5高一英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)：Unit5

1.devotes…to doing奉于

2.fight against對(duì)抗，反對(duì)，與……作斗爭(zhēng)

3.selflessly無(wú)私地

4.be free from免于，不受

5.be in prison入獄，在獄中服刑

6.the first man to do第一個(gè)…的人

7.The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.

第一次見(jiàn)到他的時(shí)候是在我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。

8.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.

他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，我為此非常感激。

9.become out of work.失業(yè)

10.hope that…/to do

11.as soon as I could盡快，馬上

12.We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.

我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭(zhēng)。

13.Only 位于句首，修飾狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句采用部分倒裝的語(yǔ)序。

Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.

只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的辦法。

14.as a matter of fact事實(shí)上

15.blow up爆炸,打氣

16.be equal to和…平等

17.in trouble處于困境 遇到麻煩

18.be willing to do sth.愿意，樂(lè)于

19.turn to變成;求助于，借助于,翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向

turn to sb forhelp 向某人求助

20.lose heart灰心;泄氣,喪失勇氣,失去信心

21.escape from逃脫，逃離，從……逃出

22.should have done本應(yīng)做而未做

needn’t have done本不需要做而做了

can’t have done過(guò)去不可能做過(guò)(對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè))

must have done對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)

23.pass the exam.通過(guò)考試

24.be better educated受到良好教育

25.come to power執(zhí)政

26.be proud to do sth.be proud of sth為…而自豪

27.set up創(chuàng)立，建立，架起，建造

The company was set up ten years ago.公司是十年前建立的。

28.be sentenced to…被判處……

29.Do you have any thoughts on that你認(rèn)為那怎么樣?

30.to my understanding按我的理解to my opinion

31.be accepted by…被……錄取、接受

32.die from死于…(事故等外部原因)die of死于…(疾病等自身原因)

33.under way正在進(jìn)行

34.point of view觀(guān)點(diǎn)

35.compete with…與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

36.advise v.

advise+n./pron.advise+ doing advise sb.to do sth.

advise+that從句(從句的謂語(yǔ)用“should+v原”，should常省略)

注：與advise用法類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，但接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)后跟不定式。

高一英語(yǔ)試卷必修一單元試卷

一、基礎(chǔ)測(cè)試(每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分)

A. 單詞拼寫(xiě)

1. Something is wrong with the e__________ of the car. It can’t start.

2. Marie Curie was the discoverer of r_________.

3. According to the t________ of relativity (相對(duì)論), nothing can travel faster than light.

4. After all his mathematical calculations, Copernicus drew a c__________ that the earth was not the center of the solar system.

5. I__________ she’d gone, I remembered her name.

6. In the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese ___________ (打敗) the Japanese invaders.

7. Shall he ________ (參加) the meeting to be held tomorrow?

8. Work on the new railway will be ___________ (完成) at the end of next year.

9. Our new offices are still under ____________ (建設(shè)).

10. They have found some evidences that are __________ (聯(lián)系) to this murder.

B. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換

11. A: From the facts John Snow concluded that polluted water carried the disease.

B: From the facts John Snow ________ _______ _______ that polluted water carried the disease.

12. A: He determined to find out why.

B: He __________ his __________ to find out why.

13. A: We will begin the work immediately.

B: We will begin the work ______ _______.

14. A: How will you deal with these letters?

B: What will you _____ _______these letters?

15. A: The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there.

B: Only if you put the sun there _______the movements of the other planets in the sky _______ sense.

C. 完成句子

16. He suggested that the machine ________ ________ (檢查) carefully before we used it.

17. She ______ _______ _______ (全神貫注于) reading, so she didn’t notice what was happening.

18. We ______ _______ (下決心) that this should never be allowed to happen again.

19. ______ _______ ________ (除…之外) Wang Hai, who will go there?

20. The teacher is popular with the students because he _______ ______ ______ ______ (對(duì)他們要求嚴(yán)格).

二、單項(xiàng)填空 (每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)

21.Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _____ in the last ten minutes.

A. were won B. were lost

C. were beaten D. won

22. Usually children are allowed to ___________ when they are six years old.

A. attend school

B. attend the school

C. join school

D. join the school

23. Professor Hawking stepped into the office I knew that there was no hope.

A. Unless B. Now that

C. Although D. The moment

24. His failure in the experiment suggested that he ________ his teacher’s proper instructions.

A. should not have followed

B. should not follow

C. mustn’t have followed

D. hadn’t followed

25. I suggested that he _____ telephone the manager before he decided.

A. telephoned B. would telephone

C. telephone D. had to telephone

26. —I'm terribly sorry that I failed to win the game.

—You are not ________ for all you could do.

A. to blame B. pleased

C. right D. satisfied

27. Yang Liwei was surrounded by the audience ________ he stepped off the stage.

A. until B. through

C. now that D. immediately

28. Gathering clouds the coming storm.

A. declared B. turned out

C. connected D. announced

29. Seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents don’t know ______ it.

A. how to do

B. what to do

C. how to deal with

D. how to do with

30. — So hard ______ in the past few months that he has made great progress in English.

— I can see that; only a few mistakes ______ in the exam.

A. has he worked; did he make

B. he has worked; did he made

C. he has worked; he made

D. has he worked; he made

31. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________.

A. value B. sense

C. fun D. use

32. Only by shouting at the top of his voice .

A. he was able to make himself hear

B. he was able to make himself heard

C. was he able to make himself hear

D. was he able to make himself heard

33. Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind.

A. had hit B. did fall

C. was hit D. was fallen

34. Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, ________ the neighbors and the house ________ I used to be familiar with were gone.

A. only finding; which

B. only to find; that

C. only to find; whom

D. found; that

35. It’s quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth ____ and his eyes _____.

A. closing; open B. closed; opened

C. closing; opening D. closed; open

三、完形填空 (每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從36-55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳答案。

A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.

He may have the 36 that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the 37 of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of 38 anything new because of their age.

A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 39 , because he feels that it 40 be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence(信心) necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may 41 he is doing so. He is 42 likely to fail, and the failure will 43 his belief in his incompetence(無(wú)能).

Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had 44 like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor 45 in maths. His teacher told his 46 he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 47 too much of him. In this way, they too 48 the idea. He accepted 49 mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to 50 , and was very poor at maths, 51 as they expected.

One day he worked out a problem which 52 of the other students had been able to solve.

Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now 53 with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at 54 . He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 55 himself as well as others by his ability.

36. A. belief B. way

C. fact D. condition

37. A. biggest B. most

C. higher D. deepest

38. A. teaching B. learning

C. accepting D. using

39. A. decision B. success

C. effort D. trouble

40. A. would B. should

C. must D. could

41. A. forget B. think

C. guess D. understand

42. A. truly B. really

C. however D. therefore

43. A. lead to B. strengthen

C. increase D. add to

44. A. an experience B. an expert

C. a thought D. a story

45. A. state B. mind

C. start D. ending

46. A. classmates B. friends

C. neighbours D. parents

47. A. blame B. expect

C. get D. win

48. A. developed B. organized

C. discovered D. found

49. A. a B. one

C. its D. the

50. A. manage B. succeed

C. try D. act

51. A. only B. almost

C. just D. then

52. A. none B. all

C. many D. most

53. A. lived B. worked

C. played D. graduated

54. A. lesson B. medicine

C. subjects D. maths

55. A. encourage B. love

C. astonish D. disappoint

四、閱讀理解 (每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C或D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)

A

Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What’s more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.

In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb(原子彈)—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.

Although he wasn’t connected with any accepted religion(宗教), Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know everything, but he is not hateful.”

56. From the passage we know that .

A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century

B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time

C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America

D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons

57. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would .

A. have continued his scientific research

B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics

C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U. S. A.

D. not have moved to the U. S. A.

58. Einstein in 1933.

A. visited England and the U. S. A.

B. lost everything

C. became a man without a country

D. both A and C

59. Einstein believed that everything in the universe .

A. was kept in order by its own law

B. had nothing to do with each other

C. happened in an irregular way

D. was made by the personal God

B

“That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London. He had been studying some germs(細(xì)菌)that he was growing on a plate. They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. Dr Fleming found that a mould(霉菌)had floated in through the window landing on the plate. It had killed some of the germs it had touched.

“This certainly looks promising.” Fleming said. “We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”

He named the strange mould “penicillin”. It proved to be a killer of many germs. Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected(注射)with penicillin. The twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. Hardly anybody took any notice of it.

In 1938 Dr Howard Florey, an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested. He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.

When World War II broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England. Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.

60. Dr Alexander Fleming .

A. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people

B. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses

C. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate

D. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better

61. Some of the germs on the plate .

A. had been killed by a mould floating in through the window

B. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to Fleming

C. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by Dr Alexander Fleming

D. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor

62. The reason why the twenty-five mice died was that .

A. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin

B. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment

C. they were easy to die in the experiment

D. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin

63. In 1938, an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming’s report and .

A. left England for America, making the drug

B. went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen

C. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings

D. went to America to make this drug for mice

64. The word “enormous” means .

A. 剩余的 B. 恰當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

C. 少許的 D. 巨大的

C

Einstein, a great scientist of the age, was almost as strange as his Theory of Relativity.

Once, while riding a street car in Berlin, he told the conductor that he had not given him the right change. The conductor counted the change again and found it to be correct, so he handed it to Einstein, saying, “The trouble with you is that you don’t know your figures.”

Einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his Theory of Relativity although a good many books had been written to explain it.

He had nothing but contempt(藐視)for the things most people set their hearts on—for fame and riches(財(cái)富)and luxury(奢華).

He didn’t want money or praise. He made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and playing the violin and sailing his boat. Einstein’s violin brought him more joy than anything else in life. He said that he often thought in music.

65. The conductor thought Einstein .

A. wasn’t good at maths

B. had good memory

C. was either mad or strange

D. liked to make trouble

66. Einstein meant that many people .

A. knew his Theory of Relativity well because they could explain it

B. had written to have grasped his theory correctly

C. pretended to have grasped his abstract theory

D. admired him very much

67. The underlined part “set…h(huán)earts on” means .

A. believe B. have

C. love D. hate

D

Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”. In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. At that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (變化過(guò)程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (發(fā)酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.

The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows’ milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (嬰兒腹瀉) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. This simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.

68. Pasteur became in 1854.

A. the chairperson of the science department at the University of Lille

B. the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Lille

C. the general manager of a large beer-making company

D. the president of the University of Lille

69. According to the passage, Lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century.

A. growing grain crops

B. making beer and wine

C. doing chemical research

D. producing various kinds of yeasts

70. In the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to .

A. wine and beer

B. food and drinks

C. the various yeasts

D. other organisms

71. We can infer from the passage that Pasteur’s discovery .

A. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food produts

B. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in Lille

C. has done a lot of good to children in the world

D. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the world

E

On the first day of class, Mr Whiteson gave us a lecture about a creature(生物) called cattytiger, a kind of cat-like animal that completely disappeared during the Ice Age. He passed round a skull (頭骨) as he talked, and we all felt interested and took notes while listening. Later, we had a test about that.

When he returned my paper, I was very, very surprised. There was a very large cross through each of my answers. And so it was with everyone else’s in our class. What had happened? Everyone was wondering and couldn’t wait to get the answer.

Very simple, Mr Whiteson explained. He had made up all that story about the cattytiger. There had never been such an animal. So why none of us noticed that and how could we expect good marks for the incorrect answers?

Needless to say, we got very angry. What kind of teacher was this?

We should have guessed it out, Mr Whiteson said. After all, at the very moment he was passing around the cattytiger skull (in fact, a cat’s), hadn’t he been telling us that it completely disappeared during the Ice Age? Clearly he was telling a lie. But we just kept busy making notes and none used his head. We should learn something from this. Teachers and textbooks are not always correct.

72. We failed in the test because we didn’t .

A. take notes while listening

B. show interest in what Mr Whiteson said

C. listen to the teacher carefully

D. think carefully

73. We got angry because .

A. Mr Whiteson didn’t tell us the truth about cattytiger

B. we failed in the test

C. we didn’t know why he played the joke on us

D. there was no cattytiger

74. Mr Whiteson gave us a special lesson .

A. to show his special way of teaching

B. to play a joke on us

C. to help us learn our lessons better

D. so that we would no longer believe him

75. Mr Whiteson meant that .

A. teachers couldn’t make any mistakes

B. textbooks might be wrong sometimes

C. we should speak up if we thought our teacher or the textbook was wrong

D. we shouldn’t believe our teachers because sometimes they might tell lies

五、書(shū)面表達(dá) (滿(mǎn)分15分)

隨著人們生活水平的提高，越來(lái)越多的人擁有了自己的汽車(chē)，你班同學(xué)就此展開(kāi)了一次討論，提出兩種不同的觀(guān)點(diǎn)和看法。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)所提供的信息給報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信，客觀(guān)介紹這兩種看法。

贊同者認(rèn)為：

1.方便、快捷、舒適的交通工具;

2.反映出國(guó)民生活條件提高，國(guó)家富強(qiáng);

3.帶動(dòng)其他行業(yè)發(fā)展。

反對(duì)者認(rèn)為：

1.廢氣污染嚴(yán)重;

2.過(guò)多則影響交通，導(dǎo)致更多事故;

3.停車(chē)問(wèn)題日益突出。

注意：1.信的開(kāi)頭已給出;

2.詞數(shù)：100左右;

3.參考詞匯：方便的 convenient;交通 transportation

Dear editor，

I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether it is good or not for families to own cars.

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

Yours truly,

Li Hua

高一英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)方法指導(dǎo)

1、提前預(yù)習(xí)，有的放矢

作為學(xué)生，在每次上課前，都要對(duì)將要學(xué)的課文提前預(yù)習(xí)。首先在音標(biāo)的幫助下試著拼讀單詞，也可以借助配套磁帶反復(fù)聽(tīng)，對(duì)比一下，把握不準(zhǔn)的要標(biāo)出來(lái)，上課時(shí)注意老師的發(fā)音，還要記一下單詞的漢語(yǔ)意思和詞性。借助課文的注釋或輔導(dǎo)材料，預(yù)習(xí)一遍課文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有數(shù)，在教師講課時(shí)注意聽(tīng)這些地方。預(yù)習(xí)的目的是熟悉要學(xué)的內(nèi)容，找出不明白的地方，帶著問(wèn)題有針對(duì)性的聽(tīng)課，做到有的放矢。課堂上盡力去解決自己不懂的問(wèn)題，如仍不懂，課后應(yīng)馬上問(wèn)老師。預(yù)習(xí)既是學(xué)習(xí)方法問(wèn)題，也是學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣的問(wèn)題。

2、認(rèn)真聽(tīng)課，積極配合

課堂是老師與學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)、掌握、運(yùn)用知識(shí)的主要場(chǎng)所。作為起主導(dǎo)作用的老師一方引導(dǎo)學(xué)生搞好課堂教學(xué)是很必要的，但也需要學(xué)習(xí)者的積極配合。上課要專(zhuān)心聽(tīng)講、作好筆記、認(rèn)真操練、積極思考。預(yù)習(xí)時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題在課堂上教師沒(méi)有講到的，要向老師提出，把問(wèn)題搞清楚，老師講授的問(wèn)題，先注意聽(tīng)，并快速記好筆記要點(diǎn)，下課后整理一下筆記，反復(fù)思考一下這些問(wèn)題，抓住老師所講的重點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)。上課時(shí)要做到耳聽(tīng)、眼觀(guān)、嘴動(dòng)、腦想，調(diào)動(dòng)起多個(gè)感官來(lái)。聽(tīng)課是學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中最重要的環(huán)節(jié)，聽(tīng)課效率高的學(xué)生往往能夠在課堂上掌握老師講授的大部分內(nèi)容。聽(tīng)課要做到：緊跟各個(gè)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)，如復(fù)習(xí)、導(dǎo)入、呈現(xiàn)、練習(xí)和鞏固等;要集中精力，聽(tīng)懂教師的講解，并做好筆記，積極參與課堂活動(dòng)。

3、完成作業(yè)，找出問(wèn)題

學(xué)完每一課，要認(rèn)真完成課后作業(yè)。做作業(yè)時(shí)一定不要看參考書(shū)上題的答案，做完后再對(duì)答案，對(duì)于作業(yè)中所出現(xiàn)的不明白的問(wèn)題，應(yīng)該記下來(lái)，等下次上課時(shí)提出來(lái)。做作業(yè)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的很重要的環(huán)節(jié)，它是消化知識(shí)和鞏固知識(shí)的過(guò)程，一定要認(rèn)真完成規(guī)定的作業(yè)，筆頭作業(yè)要?jiǎng)庸P，口頭作業(yè)要?jiǎng)幼?，提高?tīng)力要練耳，課文在聽(tīng)和讀的基礎(chǔ)上，最好背誦某些精彩段落。對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)說(shuō)，朗讀、記憶、背誦等課后作業(yè)十分重要。要做大量的練習(xí)，英語(yǔ)是練出來(lái)的， 一定不要偷懶。

4、及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)，鞏固知識(shí)

學(xué)會(huì)的東西隨著時(shí)間的流逝會(huì)逐漸遺忘，但學(xué)語(yǔ)言有遺忘現(xiàn)象是正常的。更不必因?yàn)橛羞z忘現(xiàn)象而影響自己學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的信心與決心。問(wèn)題在于如何來(lái)減輕遺忘的程度。這就要求大家要善于類(lèi)比，總結(jié)知識(shí)，把新學(xué)的知識(shí)同過(guò)去學(xué)的有關(guān)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行橫向和縱向比較和聯(lián)系。建立錯(cuò)誤檔案記錄，也就是做好你的錯(cuò)題本，以加深印象，以避免再犯同樣錯(cuò)誤。我們大部分知識(shí)和技能是靠重復(fù)獲得的，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)對(duì)于記憶非常必要，學(xué)英語(yǔ)就是要堅(jiān)持不斷的練習(xí)，不斷地重復(fù)基本句型，常用詞匯和基本語(yǔ)法等。學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程也是同遺忘做斗爭(zhēng)的過(guò)程。作為一名高中生，你必須有筆記，精題本和錯(cuò)題本或者叫做糾錯(cuò)筆記。課后要進(jìn)一步理解課上所學(xué)的內(nèi)容，如整理筆記、復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn);熟讀或背誦重要句子;通過(guò)歸納、分析和比較，使知識(shí)條理化;根據(jù)個(gè)人情況有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)，糾錯(cuò)。

5、自備一本詞典

對(duì)于重點(diǎn)詞匯或易混詞要勤查詞典，學(xué)會(huì)用簡(jiǎn)單的英語(yǔ)去解釋生詞，其目的在于培養(yǎng)你的自學(xué)能力，以便今后能正確使用英語(yǔ)詞典等工具書(shū)，準(zhǔn)確地理解詞義。

6、抓閱讀，贏高考

閱讀能力是一切能力之本，也是高考要求的重中之重。在有了一定的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)能力之后，培養(yǎng)閱讀能力也是高一階段的重要步驟。

閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)要從興趣入手，課外時(shí)間盡量多看些課外讀物或英語(yǔ)報(bào)刊雜志，多讀故事類(lèi)、幽默笑話(huà)類(lèi)材料，以便提高學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。另外，可以積累一些英語(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)、警句等(如：Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧;Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成)。這樣在擴(kuò)大自己知識(shí)面的同時(shí)激勵(lì)自己發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)。閱讀數(shù)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。每天應(yīng)堅(jiān)持閱讀兩篇文章，每篇300—500字?？杉袝r(shí)間讀，也可利用零散時(shí)間讀。精讀、泛讀相結(jié)合。精讀是指認(rèn)真處理生詞、難句，對(duì)句子成份認(rèn)真分析等，既學(xué)語(yǔ)言又學(xué)語(yǔ)法。泛讀則是指重視了解文章大意，可采取略讀、跳讀等方法。不論是精讀還是泛讀都切忌邊讀邊查字典，這樣會(huì)打斷閱讀的整體思路不利于語(yǔ)言能力的提高。

7、多說(shuō)多背英語(yǔ)，培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感

多寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)，鍛煉自己的組詞造句能力;課余時(shí)間要多與老師交流，解決遺留問(wèn)題，堅(jiān)持勤學(xué)好問(wèn)。

根據(jù)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律，預(yù)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)是良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣中不可缺的環(huán)節(jié)。課前的預(yù)習(xí)是上好課的基本前提和必要準(zhǔn)備;復(fù)習(xí)是進(jìn)一步消化理解，鞏固記憶，把所學(xué)的內(nèi)容條理化、系統(tǒng)化的過(guò)程，復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)及時(shí)，復(fù)習(xí)的方式應(yīng)多樣化。有人認(rèn)為多做題就能解決問(wèn)題。人們常說(shuō)：量的積累可達(dá)到質(zhì)的飛躍。但是盲目地追求數(shù)量而忽視質(zhì)量是不可取也是無(wú)效的。死扣語(yǔ)法不重視在一定的語(yǔ)境中體會(huì)、運(yùn)用知識(shí)也是不正確的。