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雅思閱讀判斷題技巧實(shí)例講解

時(shí)間: 騰宇1219 分享

  雅思閱讀中的判斷題,是逢考必有的存在,在某些考次里甚至2篇閱讀都涉及到判斷題,共12道題,面對(duì)這種讓中國(guó)烤鴨頗為不習(xí)慣的題型,且大量反復(fù)的出現(xiàn),下面是小編為您收集整理的雅思閱讀判斷題技巧實(shí)例講解,供大家參考!

  雅思閱讀判斷題技巧實(shí)例講解

  to be True or to be False or to be Not Given,這是一個(gè)雅思閱讀中讓人痛苦的問(wèn)題。雅思閱讀的判斷題不好做,哪怕是究竟劍橋雅思考驗(yàn),幾次考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老鳥(niǎo),也還是容易在此題型上栽跟頭。請(qǐng)看本文分解雅思閱讀判斷題的4個(gè)考點(diǎn),并實(shí)例分析其具體解題技巧。

  判斷題分為兩種形式:TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;YES/NO/NOT GIVEN。盡管表現(xiàn)形式不同,前者考信息,后者考觀點(diǎn),但是我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行判斷的時(shí)候?qū)嵸|(zhì)是一致的。

  TRUE=YES=agree=一致;FALSE=NO=contradict=不一致=抵觸;

  NOT GIVEN=if there is no information on this (未提及型);NOT GIVEN=if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (證據(jù)不足型);

  雅思考試判斷題的考點(diǎn)其實(shí)是有規(guī)律可循的,在定位好的前提下,需要熟悉判斷題中的考點(diǎn),以快速找到問(wèn)題之所在,進(jìn)行判斷。一般來(lái)說(shuō),一道判斷題通??疾橐换騼蓚€(gè)考點(diǎn),??嫉目键c(diǎn)為:

  1.是非考點(diǎn)

  2.數(shù)字考點(diǎn)

  3.絕對(duì)考點(diǎn)

  4.比較考點(diǎn)

  雅思閱讀判斷題技巧之是非考點(diǎn)

  如題目:王寶強(qiáng)是一個(gè)帥男。“王寶強(qiáng)”是定位詞,形容詞“帥”就成為考點(diǎn)詞。判定是否夠帥,即“是非考點(diǎn)”。原文:王寶強(qiáng)是一個(gè)帥男。與題干“帥”完全一致,答案選TRUE;原文:王寶強(qiáng)不是一個(gè)帥男,“不是”“帥”男,明顯抵觸于題干中的“帥”,因而答案選FALSE; 原文:孫紅雷在國(guó)內(nèi)影壇扮演硬漢形象。原文根本沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)題干中的定位詞“王寶強(qiáng)”,因而答案NOT GIVEN 未提及型; 原文:王寶強(qiáng)長(zhǎng)的很有意思。原文中長(zhǎng)的“很有意思”,并不一致于題干中的“帥”,也并不抵觸于題干中的“帥”,盡管提及了“王寶強(qiáng)”,但是答案依然

  選NOT GIVEN 證據(jù)不足型。每一個(gè)判斷題都可以考查“是非”考點(diǎn),通常在題干中的名詞,動(dòng)詞,形容詞的位置容易生成考點(diǎn),需要進(jìn)行判斷。

  如題干:Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years.

  原文: disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years.

  題干 increasing numbers=原文 climb steadily,判定是否上升,達(dá)成一致,答案為T(mén)RUE.

  雅思閱讀判斷題技巧之?dāng)?shù)字考點(diǎn)

  只要題干中存在數(shù)字,通常考查數(shù)字的準(zhǔn)確性。但凡與原文中的數(shù)字不符合,答案選FALSE.

  例如:Q31 MIRTP was divided into five phases.(CAM7/TEST2/PASSAGE3),原文: Phase III, from March 1991 to March 1993, focused on the refinement and institutionalization of these activities.題干中的“五個(gè)階段”,與原文中的“三個(gè)階段”,不一致,答案選FALSE.

  雅思閱讀判斷題技巧之絕對(duì)考點(diǎn)

  只要題干中存在絕對(duì)詞,通常選FALSE.

  例如:Q9 Any street child can set up their own small business if given enough support. (CAM4/TEST3/PASSAGE1)

  原文:Being an entrepreneur is not for everyone, nor for every street child.

  題干:如果給予足夠支持,“任何”孩子都可以建立自己的公司。與原文: “并不是” “每個(gè)人”都適合當(dāng)老板,街頭兒童也是如此。明顯抵觸,答案選FALSE.

  雅思閱讀判斷題技巧之比較考點(diǎn)

  兩個(gè)事物發(fā)生比較,通常在題干中出現(xiàn)more…than…,容易產(chǎn)生并不存在的比較關(guān)系,而選擇NOT GIVEN.

  例如:Q18 Disease-spreading pests respond more quickly to pesticides than agricultural pests do.(CAM8/TEST4/PASSAGE2),原文:According to a recent study by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), more than 300 species of agricultural pests have developed resistance to a wide range of potent chemicals.

  題干:傳播疾病的害蟲(chóng)對(duì)于農(nóng)藥的反應(yīng)比農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)迅速。

  原文:聯(lián)合國(guó)糧食及農(nóng)業(yè)組織(FAO)最近的一項(xiàng)研究顯示,超過(guò)300種的農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)已經(jīng)對(duì)多種強(qiáng)效殺蟲(chóng)劑產(chǎn)生了抗藥性。更嚴(yán)重的是,在傳播疾病的害蟲(chóng)中,約有100種已經(jīng)對(duì)多種正在使用的殺蟲(chóng)劑產(chǎn)生了免疫力。原文雖然講到了兩種害蟲(chóng)的抗藥性,但是并沒(méi)有進(jìn)行比較。答案選NOT GIVEN.

  3大雅思閱讀猜詞技巧講解 生詞不存在的

  在做雅思閱讀時(shí),我們時(shí)常會(huì)遇到不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞,有些無(wú)關(guān)緊要,但有些確實(shí)會(huì)影響到我們對(duì)文章的理解,從而對(duì)我們做雅思閱讀題形成障礙。這個(gè)時(shí)候,烤鴨們?cè)撊绾螐娜輵?yīng)對(duì)雅思閱讀生詞呢?

  在雅思官方對(duì)雅思閱讀考試的介紹中,提到了要考察對(duì)語(yǔ)言的駕馭能力。那么在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境下,如何結(jié)合上下文的語(yǔ)境推測(cè)某詞的語(yǔ)義正是該能力的體現(xiàn),所以雅思閱讀文章中,遇上生詞是必然的,既然避無(wú)可避,自然是要正面突破,本文分享三大雅思閱讀猜詞技巧講解。

  雅思閱讀猜詞技巧之利用詞根詞綴

  相信很多同學(xué)是了解這個(gè)方法的,因?yàn)?ldquo;詞根詞綴記憶單詞”這個(gè)東東已經(jīng)被人們鼓吹了很多年了,從老師還是個(gè)稚嫩少年的時(shí)候就已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)方法了(那個(gè)時(shí)候菊花還只是一種花)。實(shí)際上,詞根詞綴法是一個(gè)很好地在閱讀中猜詞的方法。同學(xué)們?cè)趥淇奸喿x的時(shí)候需要掌握一些常見(jiàn)的詞綴用以猜詞意或判斷方向性。我們來(lái)看下面的例子(第24題):

  題目:

  23 Home medical aids

  24 Regular amounts of exercise

  25 Feelings of control over life

  26 Feelings of loneliness

  A may cause heart disease.

  B can be helped by hormone treatment.

  C may cause rises in levels of stress hormones.

  D have cost theUnited Statesgovernment more than $200 billion.

  E may help prevent mental decline.

  F may get stronger at night.

  G allow old people to be more independent.

  H can reduce stress in difficult situations.

  原文:

  Maintaining a level of daily physical activity may help mental functioning, says Carl Cotman, a neuroscientist at the University of California at Irvine. He found that rats that exercise on a treadmill have raised levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor coursing through their brains. Cotman believes this hormone, which keeps neurons functioning, may prevent the brains of active humans from deteriorating.

  分析:

  利用題干中的信息(regular amounts of exercise)定位到原文(daily physical activity),進(jìn)而對(duì)該段文字進(jìn)行閱讀,發(fā)現(xiàn)最后的deteriorate不認(rèn)識(shí),但是以de-前綴開(kāi)頭,一般都是否定的方向,那么與第五個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的decline方向一致,可以確定E為正確答案。

  雅思閱讀猜詞技巧之利用并列關(guān)系

  閱讀中常見(jiàn)的并列關(guān)系詞有and, or等,并列關(guān)系前后連接的詞往往具有一定的一致性。我們這里拿or來(lái)舉個(gè)例子,or前后的詞常常含義是近似的。因此,如果or連接的前后的詞我們有一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí),那么可以利用另一個(gè)來(lái)猜雅思閱讀生詞。我們來(lái)看下面的例子:

  例句:

  However, the major problems of the travel and tourism industry that have hidden, or obscured, its economic impact are the diversity and fragmentation of the industry itself.

  分析:

  本句話中,很多同學(xué)是不認(rèn)識(shí)obscure的,但是我們一般都認(rèn)識(shí)前面的hidden,并且發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)單詞由or連接,所以可以推斷obscure的意思跟hidden是比較接近的。

  雅思閱讀考察的是單詞的模糊理解而非具體含義,所以很多單詞我們了解大概意思、保證閱讀可以順利進(jìn)行下去即可,不用弄明白確切意思。

  雅思閱讀猜詞技巧之利用同位語(yǔ)

  雅思閱讀中我們常會(huì)看到一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的名詞后跟隨了一個(gè)逗號(hào),逗號(hào)后是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ),這個(gè)名次短語(yǔ)就是這個(gè)名詞的同位語(yǔ)解釋。我們可以利用同位語(yǔ)去推測(cè)未知名詞的含義。我們來(lái)看下面的例子:

  題目:Marie and Pierre Curie’s research into the radioactivity of the mineral known as 8……… led to the discovery of two new elements.

  原文:Turning her attention to minerals, she found her interest drawn to pitchblende, a mineral whose radioactivity, superior to that of pure uranium, could be explained only by the presence in the ore of small quantities of an unknown substance of very high activity. Pierre Curie joined her in the work that she had undertaken to resolve this problem, and that led to the discovery of the new elements, polonium and radium.

  分析:通過(guò)觀察題目,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們要填的單詞處在“a mineral known as ...”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)下,說(shuō)明要填的單詞是一種礦物質(zhì)的名字。那么利用題目中的two new elements定位到原文中,再利用代詞往前查找,會(huì)找到pitchblende這個(gè)詞,后面就跟隨了我們說(shuō)的同位語(yǔ),那么可以確定這就是要我們找的答案。

  我們來(lái)看看第6題:原文:

  The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal) were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle. The result was a resin known as Novalak, which became soluble and malleable when heated. The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into powder. Other substances were then introduced: including fillers, such as woodflour, asbestos or cotton, which increase strength and moisture resistance, catalysts (substances to speed up the reaction between two chemicals without joining to either) and hexa, a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde which supplied the additional formaldehyde necessary to form a thermosetting resin.

  分析:很多同學(xué)在做這道題時(shí),利用第6題前面的ammonia和formaldehyde定位,在原文中第4句中,我們看到了一個(gè)a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde …這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu),于是就有同學(xué)把答案寫(xiě)成了compound。但是我們來(lái)看一下,a compound of ammonia and formaldehyde …就是我們之前說(shuō)的“雙標(biāo)點(diǎn)中的名詞短語(yǔ)”,所以它是一個(gè)同位語(yǔ),那么是對(duì)誰(shuí)的解釋呢?逗號(hào)之前的名詞hexa,所以hexa是我們的答案(原文的意思是hexa是ammonia和formaldehyde一起構(gòu)成的混合物)。至于為什么不能填compound這個(gè)詞,這是一個(gè)解釋性的詞匯,屬于“類別”詞,不夠具體,而填空題需要填具體的詞。

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