高二英語必修五的知識點歸納

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高二英語必修五的知識點歸納1

【現(xiàn)在完成進行時】

1. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的定義

現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示某動作從過去某個時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。如：

We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我們等他等了兩個小時。

2. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的結構

現(xiàn)在完成進行時由“have /has been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。

3. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時的應用

現(xiàn)在完成進行時所用的時間狀語：this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 時間段, since +時間點, for + 時間段。如：

They have been building the bridge for two month. 兩個月來他們一直在修橋。

They have been planting trees this month. 這個月來他們一直在植樹。

4. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

(1) 現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)，因此，表示動作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時，而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。如：

He has changed his idea. 他改變了想法。

(2) 在表示動作的延續(xù)時，雖然既可用現(xiàn)在完成時，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，但現(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的進行。因此在需要明確表示動作還要持續(xù)下去時，應用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。如：

We have been studying here for two years. 我們在這兒已經(jīng)學習了兩年了。

(3) 有些延續(xù)性動詞(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等)，用于現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別不大。如：

I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在這兒住了多年了。

【動詞語法】

1 系動詞

系動詞亦稱聯(lián)系動詞(Link Verb)，作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語(亦稱補語)，構成系表結構說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。說明：有些系動詞又是實義動詞，該動詞表達實義時，有詞義，可單獨作謂語。例如：

He fell ill yesterday.　他昨天病了。(fell是系動詞，后跟補足語，說明主語情況。)

He fell off the ladder.　他從梯子上摔下來。fell是實義動詞，單獨作謂語。

1)狀態(tài)系動詞

用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞。例如：

He is a teacher.　他是一名教師。(is與補足語一起說明主語的身份。)

2)持續(xù)系動詞

用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。例如：

He always kept silent at meeting.　他開會時總保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery.　此事仍是一個謎。

3)表像系動詞

用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。例如：

He looks tired.　他看起來很累。

He seems (to be) very sad.　他看起來很傷心。

4)感官系動詞

感官系動詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。例如：

This kind of cloth feels very soft.　這種布手感很軟。

This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來很香。

5)變化系動詞

這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。例如：

He became mad after that.　自那之后，他瘋了。

She grew rich within a short time.　她沒多長時間就富了。(北京安通學校提供)

6)終止系動詞

表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達"證實"，"變成"之意。例如：

The rumor proved false.　這謠言證實有假。

The search proved difficult.　搜查證實很難。

His plan turned out a success.　他的計劃終于成功了。(turn out表終止性結果)

2 助動詞

1)協(xié)助主要動詞構成謂語動詞的詞叫助動詞。被協(xié)助的動詞稱作主要動詞。助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。例如：

He doesn′t like English.　他不喜歡英語。

(doesn′t是助動詞，無詞義;like是主要動詞，有詞義)

2) 助動詞協(xié)助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來：

a. 表示時態(tài)。例如：

He is singing.　他在唱歌。(北京安通學校提供)

He has got married.　他已結婚。

b. 表示語態(tài)。例如：

He was sent to England.　他被派往英國。

c. 構成疑問句。例如：

Do you like college life?　你喜歡大學生活嗎?

Did you study English before you came here?　你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?

d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句。例如：

I don′t like him.　我不喜歡他。

e. 加強語氣。例如：

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。

He did know that.　他的確知道那件事。

3) 最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

3 助動詞be的用法

1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構成進行時態(tài)。例如：

They are having a meeting.　他們正在開會。

English is becoming more and more important. 英語現(xiàn)在越來越重要。(北京安通學校提供)

2)　be + 過去分詞，構成被動語態(tài)。例如：

The window was broken by Tom..　窗戶是湯姆打碎的。

高二英語必修五的知識點歸納2

1. consist of = be made up of 由……組成 (沒有進行時)

e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

=Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK.

2. 區(qū)別:

? separate ... from (把聯(lián)合在一起或靠近的人或物分離出來)

? divide...into 把…分開 (把整體分為若干部分)

e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.

The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.

3. debate about sth.

e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days.

debate /argue/ quarrel

4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清;闡明;清楚;明了

e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.

Can you clarify the question?

5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 連接

【習慣用語】★ link A to B 將A和B連接起來

6. refer to

1)提及，指的是……

e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?

2) 參考;查閱;詢問

e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.

Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.

3) 關系到;關乎

e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.

This rule refers to everyone.

reference: n. 參考 e.g. reference books 參考書

7. to one's surprise (prep)

“to one's + 名詞” 表 “令某人……”

常見的名詞有 “delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等

e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.

To John's great relief they reached the house at last.

8. ... found themselves united peacefully

“find +賓語+賓補( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介詞短語;不定式)”

e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

You'll find him easy to get along with.

They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.

When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.

I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.

9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做…….

e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come.

get + n. + to do

get + n. + doing

You'll get her to agree.

I'll get the car going.

get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然發(fā)生，意為“被…….”

e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street.

10. break away (from sb / sth) 脫離;破除…

e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits.

The man broke away from his guards.

break down (會談)破裂，失敗;(汽車等)出故障;(人的健康狀況)變得惡劣;(情感)失控

e.g. His car broke down on the way to work this morning.

His health broke down under the pressure of work.

He broke down and wept when he heard the news.

Talks between the two countries have completely broken down.

? break in 闖入;打岔

? break off 中斷，折斷

? break into 闖入

? break out 爆發(fā);發(fā)生

? break up 驅(qū)散;分散，拆散

11. as well as 不僅…而且;既…又…

e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer.

The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street.

12. convenience: n.方便;便利(convenient: adj. )

e.g. We bought this house for its convenience.

13. attraction: (attract: v.)

1). 吸引;引力(不可數(shù) n.) e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力

2). 吸引人的東西;喜聞樂見的東西;精彩節(jié)目(可數(shù) n.)

He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day.

A big city offers many and varied attractions.

What are the principle attractions this evening?

14. influence

1) v. 對…產(chǎn)生影響 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?

2)可數(shù)n. 產(chǎn)生影響的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.

3) (不可數(shù)n.) 影響 e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.

高二英語必修五的知識點歸納3

一、重點詞匯總結

1. impression n. 印記;印象;感想;后接 of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that 從句; My first impression of him was favorable.他給我的第一印象非常討人喜歡。 I got the impression that they were unhappy about the situation. 他們給我的印象是他們對這個情形不是很開心。

知識拓展：impress v.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記;使感動;常用結構有：impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth.給……留下深刻的印象;使銘記; It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她記得我的名字。

2. remind v.提醒;使想起;常用結構有: remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事;remind sb.+(that)/wh-從句提醒某人……;使某人想起……;remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意識到……;提醒某人某事 I'm sorry, but I've forgotten your name, can you remind me? 很抱歉，我忘記你叫什么名字了，你能提醒一下嗎?

You remind me of your father when you say that. 說到那的時候，我想起了你的父親。

知識拓展：reminder n.提醒物;引起回憶的事物

3. constantly adv.始終;一直;重復不斷地 Fashion is constantly changing.時尚總是日新月異。知識拓展：constant adj.連續(xù)發(fā)生的;不斷的;重復的;

4. previous adj.先前的;以往的;(時間上)稍前的;

No previous experience is necessary for this job. 以往的經(jīng)驗對這項工作不是很有必要。

I couldn't believe it when I heard the news.我聽到這個消息的時候，我覺得簡直令人那以置信。

I had only seen him the previous day. 我只在幾天前見到過他。

知識拓展：previously adv. 先前的;早先

The building had previously been used as a hotel.這棟建筑早些時候被用作旅館。

5. bend v.(bent bent)彎曲;使彎曲;彎腰;彎身;常用搭配有: bend one's mind/efforts

to sth. 致力于某事 bend sb.to sth. 迫使;說服 bend the truth 歪曲事實 It's hard to bend an iron bar. 把鐵棒弄彎很不容易。

She bent her head and kissed her daughter. 她低下頭吻了她的女兒。

6. press v. 壓;按;推;擠;堅持;敦促 n. 報章雜志，新聞工作者，新聞界 She pressed a handkerchief to his nose. 她用手絹捂住鼻子。 She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. 她用力踩下油門踏板。 He is still pressing her claim for compensation. 他仍堅持索賠。 The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial. 庭審謝絕新聞采訪。

7. switch n. & v. 用作名詞表示“開關;轉換”。用作動詞表示“轉換”。 She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 她生第一個孩子的時候調(diào)整了工作，把全職工作轉換成了兼職工作。 Press these two keys to switch between documents on screen. 按這兩個鍵來轉換屏幕上的文件。

I can't work next week, will you switch with me? 下周我不想上班，你能和我換一下班。

8. lack n. & v. 用作名詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺”;用作動詞，表示：“缺乏;短缺;沒有;不足”。 a lack of food /money/skills 缺乏食物/金錢/技能

The trip was cancelled through lack of interest. 因為缺乏興趣這次旅行被取消了。 He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心。

知識拓展：lacking adj. 缺乏;沒有;匱乏;不足

9. surroundings n.環(huán)境;surround v. 圍繞;環(huán)繞 surrounding adj. 周圍的;附近的 Everyone likes to work in pleasant surroundings. 每個人都喜歡在愉快的環(huán)境中工作。

10. catch/gain/get sight of 發(fā)現(xiàn)，看出;lose sight of 看不見,忘記; lose one's sight 失明;at first sight 一見就;乍看起來;at (the) sight of 一看見就……;be in sight 看得見，在眼前;out of sight 看不見At first sight, the problem seems easy. 乍一看，這個問題似乎很簡單。 At the sight of the teacher, the boy ran away. 小男孩一看到老師就跑了。 The island is still in sight. 小島仍然在眼前。

Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不見，心不煩。

11. take up：to fill or use an amount of space or time 占用(時間);占據(jù)(空間);to learn to or start to do sth 開始做(某項工作);開始從事;to accept sth. that is offered or available 接受(建議或能得到的東西) The table takes up too much room. 這張桌子太占地兒。 They have taken up golf. 他們學起打高爾夫球來了。 She took up his offer of a drink. 他請她喝一杯，她接受了。 He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要開始履行職責。

12. sweep up 打掃;清掃;橫掃;涌向;快速地抱起 He swept up the baby up into his arms. 他一把將孩子抱進懷里

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