小升初英語語法解析:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
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小升初英語語法解析:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一:定義
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (The simple present tense) :一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法:
1.表示經(jīng)?;蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與often(經(jīng)常), always(總是), sometimes(有時(shí)), every day(每天)on Sundays/Mondays 等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有:today, often, sometimes, always, usually, every day ( week, month, year,…) , this year, once a week ( month, year, …)
例句:
I get up at 6 o’clock every day. 我每天早上6點(diǎn)鐘起床。
He often goes to school by bike. 他經(jīng)常騎自行車去學(xué)校。
2. 表示客觀事實(shí),普遍真理。
例句:
Two and two is four. 二加二等于四。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu):
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形,但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時(shí),動(dòng)詞的詞尾要加-s 或 - es。以下將對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句及其答語的構(gòu)成加以說明:
A、當(dāng)謂語是be動(dòng)詞時(shí),構(gòu)成為:
肯定句:主語 + be動(dòng)詞 ( am, is, are ) + 其他。
I am a student.
否定句:主語+be動(dòng)詞 ( am, is, are ) + not +其他。
I am not a student.
疑問句:be動(dòng)詞 ( am, is, are ) + 主語 + 其他?
Am I a student?
肯定回答:Yes,主語 + be動(dòng)詞 ( am, is, are )
Yes, I am.
否定回答:No,be動(dòng)詞 ( am, is, are ) + not.
No, I am not.
B、當(dāng)謂語是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),構(gòu)成有兩種:
(1)當(dāng)主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí):
肯定句:主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
We watch TV at home.
否定句:主語+don't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
We don’t watch TV at home.
一般疑問句:Do+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
Do we watch TV at home?
肯定回答:Yes,主語+do
Yes, we do.
否定回答:No,主語+don't
No, we don’t.
(2)當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí):
肯定句:主語+動(dòng)詞s+其它
She reads books.
否定句:主語+doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
She doesn’t read books.
一般疑問句:Does+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
Does she read books?
肯定回答: Yes,主語+does.
Yes, she does.
否定回答: No,主語+doesn't.
No, she doesn’t.
四、動(dòng)詞加-s 或-es (動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)):
當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞需用動(dòng)詞的“三單變化”加-s 或-es。
1.一般在詞尾加 –s
例:work --- works leave --- leaves swim --- swims
2. 以字母s,x,ch,sh 或o結(jié)尾的詞加-es
例:pass--- passes fix ---fixes teach --- teaches do--- does
3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,先變y為i再加-es
例:study --- studies carry --- carries fly --- flies cry --- cries
4. 不規(guī)則變化:
be---- is /are have----has
例題:
1. _____ you read a book?
A Do B. Are C. Is D. Have
答案:A
2. ---Does Li Lei like to watch TV?
---____________
A. Yes, he like. B. No, he doesn’t. C. Yes, he’d like. D. No, he likes.
答案:B