新gre作文題庫：issue的提問規(guī)律講解
gre寫作考察考生的邏輯分析能力，寫作部分是我們國人的一個(gè)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，改革后的新gre考試題目要求更加具體，考察考生完成題目過程中是否融合批判性思維。以下是小編為大家搜索綜合整理有關(guān)新gre作文題庫，issue的提問規(guī)律，希望能給大家在新gre作文題庫寫作方面帶來幫助。
新gre作文題庫：issue的提問規(guī)律講解
摘要：
通過對改革后的立論文分析不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，在這149道題目中一共有六種提問方式。讓我們歸納總結(jié)一下他們的規(guī)律。
注：由于關(guān)于claim的問題方式有兩次，筆者統(tǒng)一歸納總結(jié)成為一種方式，故圖中展示的只有五種。仔細(xì)關(guān)注下statement, recommendation, claim這三個(gè)單詞，他們在某些方面具有程度遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系。
1. Statement: the expression in spoken or written words of something such as a fact, intention, or policy, or an instance of this.意為陳述某一事實(shí)，意圖，政策。重點(diǎn)在于陳述。
2. Recommendation: a suggestion as to what is a good or sensible thing to do or use in the circumstances意為合理的建議(比陳述事實(shí)更近了一步)
3. Claim: maintain something is true: to say, without proof or evidence, that something is true 意為聲明，即便在沒有證據(jù)的情況下仍然堅(jiān)持聲稱某事為真實(shí)的
從以上的分析中不難看出這三種問法在操作形式上具有程度類比，其中第三種的程度語氣更強(qiáng)。
讓我們仔細(xì)分析一下例子
1. Statement (以下是事實(shí)陳述的例子)
i. The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.
ii. In any field of inquiry, the beginner is more likely than the expert to make important contributions.
iii. As we acquire more knowledge, things do not become more comprehensible, but more complex and mysterious.
iv. It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves.
v. The greatness of individuals can be decided only by those who live after them, not by their contemporaries.
vi. In order for any work of art-for example, a film, a novel, a poem, or a song-to have merit, it must be understandable to most people.
2. Recommendation(以下是建議的例子)
i. Scientists and other researchers should focus their research on areas that are likely to benefit the greatest number of people.
ii. Nations should suspend government funding for the arts when significant numbers of their citizens are hungry or unemployed.
iii. All parents should be required to volunteer time to their children's schools.
iv. Colleges and universities should require their students to spend at least one semester studying in a foreign country.
v. Educators should base their assessment of students' learning not on students' grasp of facts but on the ability to explain the ideas, trends, and concepts that those facts illustrate.
vi. College students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field.
3. Claim(以下是因果聲明類的例子)
i. Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application.;;; Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.
ii. Claim: Researchers should not limit their investigations to only those areas in which they expect to discover something that has an immediate, practical application.;;; Reason: It is impossible to predict the outcome of a line of research with any certainty.
iii. Claim: Knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today.;;;Reason: We are not able to make connections between current events and past events until we have some distance from both.
iv. Claim: Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts.;;;Reason: Politicians and other government experts are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.
v. Claim: Colleges and universities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance for students.;;;Reason: College students-like people in general-prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.
vi. Scandals are useful because they focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could.
除了個(gè)別試題中在提問用詞中有混淆以外，絕大部分的提問符合此規(guī)律。對于那些混淆的試題可以根絕我上面的分類重新編排，他們的分析也符合此規(guī)律。
對于事實(shí)陳述題我們要分析其是否屬實(shí)，對于建議題目我們要分析其利弊，對于聲明題我們就要分析其內(nèi)在因果了。有效的，開門見山的開頭建議包括一下分析的內(nèi)容。
新gre作文題庫issue introduction對應(yīng)的6種區(qū)別一定要熟悉，對于新版gre考試作文更好的反應(yīng)研究生院和商學(xué)院所需思維方式，為了更好的體現(xiàn)評分的客觀性，考生寫的原文會(huì)直接寄到所填送分學(xué)校，希望考生認(rèn)真?zhèn)淇夹耮re作文寫作。
GRE寫作高分必備的內(nèi)容
1.必須研究范文，尤其是5分和6分的范文，他們真的非常重要，因?yàn)槟鞘亲顧?quán)威的輔導(dǎo)資料!不是簡單的熟讀和背誦，而是逐字逐句的體會(huì)作者的意思及修辭。還有提醒一點(diǎn)，ETS對范文的評論也都非常精彩，建議大家參考!這會(huì)非常有利于理解考試所考的重點(diǎn)。
2.必須要熟練，重要的是形成慣性思維，考試時(shí)間真的是太緊張了，要想現(xiàn)場思考每句話的調(diào)理性真的是太難了，反正我沒做到，寫得時(shí)候手指不停的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了大腦運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的速度，只有有充分思維準(zhǔn)備的人，才能駕輕就熟，運(yùn)用自如。題目中提到politics，大腦中就應(yīng)當(dāng)出現(xiàn)Franklin Roosevelt， Lincoln， Gerhard Shroeder， Gandhi……; 提到ART，就該想到Rembrandt， Van Gogh， Starry night， night watch， Henmingway， the old man and the sea……; 提到Scandal，就該想到Nixon，watergate，bill clinton，sex sandal，Enran……總之，熟練是非常非常重要的!
3.必須多修改，如果不勤修改自己的文章，就不知道自己原來的漏洞和不足在哪，悶頭寫，只能導(dǎo)致lose the stake! 當(dāng)認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)一段時(shí)間寫作之后，再回頭改第一篇習(xí)作，肯定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很多毛病，這說明： 我們在進(jìn)步!
4.必須學(xué)習(xí)別人的文章，不管是老外280，還是版主們組織的同主題習(xí)作，都是非常寶貴的學(xué)習(xí)，參考資料，看到別人的文章和寫作思路，是提高自己水平的有效途徑!建議大家看看版主們原來寫的習(xí)作和互拍，真的會(huì)受益匪淺!
5.必須多思考，多寫不如多改，多改不如多想，當(dāng)然這種想不是fantasy and daydream.二是針對寫作思路和自我總結(jié)，當(dāng)我意識(shí)到這點(diǎn)時(shí)，已經(jīng)太晚了
6.必須看arg的全部題庫，不要抱僥幸心理，我覺得在考試之前找到文章中出現(xiàn)的邏輯錯(cuò)誤，遠(yuǎn)比在30min中為它而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間值得的多。我就吃了這個(gè)虧!
7.必須多交流，無疑，聽聽大家的意見，有益無害。
8.必須要有自己的例子，這個(gè)，沒有哪個(gè)考官會(huì)喜歡幾百號(hào)人都說Van Gogh， Einstein， Curie吧?
GRE寫作素材：萬能理由
1)教育類
1. For instance, applicants with Computer Science degrees would not only be qualified for jobs in high-tech companies, they would also be well prepared for any job with computer skills as a prerequisite.
2. A good education is supposed to include everything from languages to mathematics to science, etc.
3. A well-rounded education leads to well-balanced people, which in turn leads to a tolerant, knowledgeable society.
4. There are a great many children thinking the main purpose of education should be to afford them pleasure and enjoyment. (注意there be句型后的名詞再加動(dòng)詞不能用原形。)
2) 人的性格
1. If you weep for the missing sunset, you would miss all the shining stars.
3) 成功&事業(yè)
1. Jackie Chan once told that when he was still a teenager, he and his partners were required to practice more than 12 hours a day; and it was said Jet Li was sent to be an apprentice when he was hardly four years old.
2. Bill Gates, as we know, dropping out from university when he found the possibility of earning money in a new massive market - personal computer market. As a result, he succeeded.
3. Steven Jobs found Apple company when he was young, and when his business reached the peak, he was fired by directors of board. However he never lost hope and didn't give up. Jobs set up a new company named Pixar and made several famous animation movies. Finally when Pixar was bought by Apple, Jobs returned to Apple.
4) 公共事業(yè)
Increase employment opportunity create more jobs
5) 藝術(shù)類
1. Confucius, greatest Chinese philosopher, commented, “Art helps a person gets a better life.
6) 萬能例子
"If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will still each have one apple. But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas, then each of us will have two ideas." - George Bernard Shaw.
GRE寫作難題的練習(xí)：政府該如何對待藝術(shù)
【關(guān)于“政府和藝術(shù)”的GRE Issue原題】
82"Government should never censor the artistic works or historical displays that a museum wishes to exhibit."
101"Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people."
【關(guān)于“政府和藝術(shù)”的GMAT Issue原題】
22. Clearly, government has a responsibility to support the arts. However, if that support is going to produce anything of value, government must place no restrictions on the art that is produced.
對于GRE和GMAT這種政府要不要資助藝術(shù)以及藝術(shù)作品是否應(yīng)該受到政府的監(jiān)督的話題，我們給大家補(bǔ)充論證素材如下：
政府雖然有義務(wù)支持藝術(shù)，但藝術(shù)家必須清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到，政府對藝術(shù)的管制也是必須的、不可避免的。
The artists who have expectations of support without controls do not really understand the basic nature of government as organized force. Any government, whether communist or democratic, represents political and coercive forces. All the resources and powers of the government tend to be deployed to serve the interests of the political group in control and also to deal with things that threaten the very survival of the state. This is as true of the United States as it is of the Soviet Union. Either type of government must also establish bureaus and procedures for any of its activities, whether it's running the army or supporting artists. Any decision to make something a government activity is also a decision to place it under bureaucratic management with various controls and reporting methods for measurement of results.
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