初中英語情態(tài)動詞的用法歸納
情態(tài)動詞可以說是初中英語的必考內容之一,通常情況下情態(tài)動詞會在完形填空、閱讀理解中出現,當然,作文里大家也會適當運用情態(tài)動詞,那么,什么是情態(tài)動詞,情態(tài)動詞又該怎么運用呢,下面就來具體了解一下。
初中英語情態(tài)動詞的用法歸納
定義
情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度,表示“可能”,“可以”,“需要”,“必須”,“應當”等意思。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數的變化,后面的動詞要用原形。
情態(tài)動詞的種類:
初中英語情態(tài)動詞的用法歸納,情態(tài)動詞用法有哪些
情態(tài)動詞的常見用法:
1.can和could的用法
(1)can/could 表示“能力;許可;可能性”等。could 為 can 的過去式。如:Can I use your book?我可以用你的書嗎?
(2)can 用在疑問句中,表示征求意見、請求許可,答語仍用 can; could 用在疑問句中,比can 更委婉、客氣,是一種禮貌的說法,并不表示過去時態(tài),答語用can,而不能用could。
Eg: -Could you tell me the way to the park?你能告訴我去公園的路嗎?
-Sorry. I can't. I'm new here。不好意思,我不知道。我是新來的。
[注意]
①can 和could 只能用于現在時和過去時兩種時態(tài)。
②另外, can't 可表示否定推測。
2.may和might的用法
may/might 意為“可以”,表示同意、許可或請求對方許可,也可表示祝愿。
might 是may 的過去式,有兩種用法:一種表示過去式;一種表示虛擬語氣,使語氣更加委婉、客氣,或表示可能性更小。
以may開頭的一般疑問句,其否定回答用mustn't。
Eg: MayI use your book? 我可以用你用的書嗎?
He might be alive. 他可能還活著。
【注意】
can和may都可以用來表示請求或允許,但may比can更正式,更客氣。
3.must和should
(1)must意為“必須,應當”,含有一種命令的語氣,比較生硬,不容商量。否定形式mustn't, 表示“不得”,“一定不要”。如:
Eg:You mustn't drive after drinking。你絕不能酒后駕車。
①must 與 have to 的區(qū)別: must 表示說話人的主觀意愿;have to 表示客觀需要。
②回答由must 引導的疑問句:
肯定回答:Yes, …must. 如:
-Must I go home now?
-Yes, you must.
否定回答:No,…needn't./No,…don't/doesn't have to.
Eg:-Must I go home now?
-No, you needn't. 。
③must 表示對事物的推測,意為“想必;一定”,只用于肯定句中;表“推測”時,情態(tài)動詞與動詞原形,(常為be動詞)連用,
如:The man must be your teacher。那個人一定是你的老師。
(2)should意為“應當,應該”,表示建議或勸告,語氣比較委婉,客氣。否定形式為shouldn’t。
Eg: You should get up early.
You shouldn't eat too much sugar.
4.will和would
1)用于疑問句,表示說話人向對方提出請求或詢問,用would比will更委婉,更客氣。
如:Will you please open the window?
Would you like some coffee?
2) would表示建議“你愿意…嗎”
-Would you like to go shopping with me?
-Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
[注意區(qū)別]
①I’d like+n. … 我想要…(接名詞)
如:I’d like some water.
②I’d like to + v. … 我想要做…(接動詞原形)
如:I’d like to go with Tom.
5、shall用于第一人稱 (I, we), 可以表示“將”和表示建議 “……好嗎?”
eg: ①Where shall we have dinner?
②-Shall we go fishing? -
- All right. \OK. \Good idea.
情態(tài)動詞的實際運用
一、考查can的用法
a.考查can表示能力的用法。
在這一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,會",其否定式can't表示"不能"。在過去時中用could和couldn't。例如:
1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.
-You________find him. He________Japan. (2003黑龍江)
A. may not; has gone to B. may not; has been to
C. can't; has gone to D. can't; has been to
2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?
-Sorry. It________in such a short time. (2003山東威海)
A. may do B. can't be done
C. must do D. needn't be done
3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it. (2002江西)
A. must B. have to C. need to D. can
4.________you mend my car? I______not start it. (2002常德市)
A. Would; would B. Must; must C. Can; can D. May; may
5.________she ride when she was three years old?( 2002長沙市)
A. Can B. Could C. Need D. May
6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.(2002四川省)
A. can B. may C. could
b.考查can表示推測的用法。
在這一用法中,can意為"可能",表示客觀可能性,常常用于疑問句和否定句中。例如:
7. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?
-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller. (2003河北)
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?
-No. It________be her. She is at school now. (2002重慶市)
A. will; may not B. must; mustn't C. may; can't D. may; won't
9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?
-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin. (2002新疆)
A. mustn't B. needn't C. won't D. can't
10. Class 3 won the football match! ________it be true?(2002廣東)
A. May B. Must C. Will D. Can
c.考查can / could表示請求許可的用法?
在這一用法中,can和could都表示現在,用could比用can語氣更加委婉客氣,常用Could I / you...?句式,表示"我/你能……嗎?"
若表示同意要用can,不用could?例如:
11.-Could I look at your pictures?
-Yes, of course you________. (2003武漢)
A. could B. can C. will D. might
12.________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number. (2002北京市海淀區(qū))
A. Need B. Could C. Must D. Should
參考答案:1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. C7. C 8. C 9. D 10. D
二、考查may的用法
a.考查may表示請求許可的用法
在這一用法中,may表示許可或征詢對方許可,表示"可以"的意思,常常與第一人稱I連用,構成May I...?句式,表示"我可以……嗎?"肯定回答用Yes, you may.; Yes, please.等;否定回答用No, you can't.或No, you mustn't.,不用No, you may not.?例如:
25. -________I have your name, please?
-Yes, Michael. M-I-C-H-A-E-L. (2002北京市東城區(qū))
A. Must B. Will C. May D. Need
26. -May I go to the cinema, dad?
-No, you________. You must finish your homework first. (2002浙江金華市)
A. mustn't B. won't C. don't D. needn't
27. -May I smoke here?
-________, you________. It can be dangerous. (2002濱州市)
A. Yes; can B. No; can't
C. Yes; may D. No, needn't
②測試may表示可能性的用法。
在這一用法中,may表示可能性,意思是"也許","可能",通常用于肯定句中。例如:
28. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer. (2003天津)
A. must; can B. must; may
C. need; can D. can; may
29. Look out! The knife is very sharp. You________cut your finger. (2002寧夏)
A. need B. must C. should D. may
參考答案:25. C 26. A 27. B
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