商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試:中級(jí)寫(xiě)作樣題解析匯總
為了幫助大家提高寫(xiě)作水平,下面小編給大家?guī)?lái)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試:中級(jí)寫(xiě)作樣題解析匯總,一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧。
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試:中級(jí)寫(xiě)作樣題解析1
BEC考試的顯著特點(diǎn)就是把商業(yè)實(shí)際和英語(yǔ)運(yùn)用結(jié)合起來(lái),分成初、中、高三級(jí)(BEC Preliminary, BEC Vantage, BEC Higher),其中BEC中級(jí)最符合廣大考生的求職需求。BEC中級(jí)考試分成聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四項(xiàng)考查,各占總成績(jī)1/4,其中寫(xiě)作部分與聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀相比,因其考查形式固定,內(nèi)容要求有限,因而最易得高分。寫(xiě)作部分包含兩個(gè)部分:Part One, 備忘錄或電子郵件(Memo or Email),占寫(xiě)作成績(jī)的1/3;Part Two, 商務(wù)信件、報(bào)告或提議(Letter, Report or Proposal),占寫(xiě)作成績(jī)的2/3。兩部分相比,Part One要求簡(jiǎn)單,較之Part Two更容易提高,本文以《劍橋BEC真題集(中級(jí)) 第二輯》的Test Two, Part One為例,詳細(xì)分析Part One的寫(xiě)作流程,并在最后給出BEC寫(xiě)作的復(fù)習(xí)資料。
樣 題
You are the Managing Director of a company whose profits have recently increased and you would like to reward staff for this.
Write a memo to all staff:
Thanking them for their contribution
Explaining why profits increased
Telling them what their reward will be.
Write 40~50 words
題目解讀
BEC中級(jí)寫(xiě)作考試總時(shí)長(zhǎng)為45分鐘,根據(jù)詞數(shù)要求和分值,通常小作文寫(xiě)作不超過(guò)15分鐘。應(yīng)試創(chuàng)作可分成以下三步:1.審題構(gòu)思Read & Plan (3 mins);2.寫(xiě)作Write (10 mins);3.檢查Check (2 mins)。
Part One的題目背景通常是一事、兩人、三要點(diǎn)。本題中,最近公司利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng),“你”作為公司的董事總經(jīng)理(Managing Director)將對(duì)全體員工(all staff)進(jìn)行獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),備忘錄的內(nèi)容需包括三個(gè)要點(diǎn):感謝員工的貢獻(xiàn),解釋利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)原因,并告之獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)內(nèi)容。正文詞數(shù)要求為40~50個(gè)詞,因?yàn)樯虅?wù)英語(yǔ)要求簡(jiǎn)潔,詞數(shù)要求有上限,這和四、六級(jí)以及考研寫(xiě)作只規(guī)定詞數(shù)下限有所區(qū)別,但實(shí)際考試時(shí)允許少量超標(biāo),比如接近60詞。
內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)言和形式
內(nèi)容
首先可根據(jù)各要點(diǎn)的邏輯關(guān)系調(diào)整寫(xiě)作順序,比如在本題中,先解釋利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)的原因,再感謝員工,最后宣布獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。其次應(yīng)針對(duì)要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)要展開(kāi)論述,比如利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)的原因可能是銷(xiāo)售量增加(the increase of sales)、成本降低(the reduction of cost)或推出新產(chǎn)品(the launch of the new product);而獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的內(nèi)容經(jīng)常是集體旅行(a company trip)、漲工資(an increase of salary)或發(fā)放獎(jiǎng)金(bonus)。要點(diǎn)擴(kuò)展應(yīng)注意兩點(diǎn):其一,商務(wù)交流要求具體,比如利潤(rùn)的增長(zhǎng)比去年同時(shí)段增加10%;其二,擴(kuò)展內(nèi)容應(yīng)符合商務(wù)實(shí)際,如全體員工工資上浮50%、增加帶薪假期(paid leave)、開(kāi)派對(duì)(a party)或唱卡拉OK(Karaoke)等獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)都是不符合商務(wù)實(shí)際的。如果確實(shí)對(duì)商務(wù)實(shí)務(wù)不熟悉,可用簡(jiǎn)單的理由以避免出錯(cuò),比如公司業(yè)績(jī)?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)的原因可以寬泛地寫(xiě)成是員工的努力工作和加班(hard work and long working hours)。
結(jié)構(gòu)
因?yàn)?a href='http://m.athomedrugdetox.com/yu/wenzhang/' target='_blank'>文章內(nèi)容很少,總詞數(shù)只有50個(gè)詞左右,寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)寫(xiě)成一個(gè)整體,不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)每句一段的散文詩(shī)文章,而且不要刻意使用first和second之類(lèi)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)。
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試:中級(jí)寫(xiě)作樣題解析2
語(yǔ)言
Part One題目中的要點(diǎn)通常以三個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞形式給出,寫(xiě)作時(shí)通常是三句話(huà),即針對(duì)每個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞寫(xiě)一句話(huà),平均句長(zhǎng)在15個(gè)詞左右。備考時(shí)應(yīng)針對(duì)題目中常見(jiàn)的分詞動(dòng)詞準(zhǔn)備相應(yīng)的表達(dá)方式,盡量避免重復(fù)使用題目中的詞句即可。
解釋原因:
連詞:because, since, for, so;短語(yǔ):because of, due to, owing to
表示感謝:
Thank you very much for...; I would like to thank you for...; I am very grateful for...; It was very kind of you to ...
獎(jiǎng)勵(lì):
A rise in salary of X%; A bonus of X% of your monthly salary; A trip to Hawaii/Athens/Maldives
需要注意的是,商務(wù)英語(yǔ)要求正式文體,較之非正式文體,其有以下常見(jiàn)特點(diǎn):
正式 非正式
Headquarters, September (不簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)) H.Q. Sept. (縮寫(xiě))
schedule, discuss (精確動(dòng)詞) set, talk about (寬泛動(dòng)詞或詞組)
A copy has been sent. (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)) I sent you a copy. (主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
形式
最后需要考慮的就是備忘錄的形式。正式考試時(shí),文字題目下方會(huì)模擬商務(wù)實(shí)際,附上備忘錄開(kāi)頭片段,包括To, From, Date, Subject等細(xì)節(jié),但是考生不必直接在片段后書(shū)寫(xiě),應(yīng)該在試題紙背面寫(xiě)作,寫(xiě)作時(shí)不要求必須有From, To等內(nèi)容,但若能準(zhǔn)確而符合商務(wù)習(xí)慣地寫(xiě)出備忘錄細(xì)節(jié),無(wú)疑會(huì)增加文章的印象分,這里簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下備忘錄細(xì)節(jié)的注意事項(xiàng)。
To: 備忘錄對(duì)象
如果具體到人,最好寫(xiě)出全名,不要寫(xiě)自己的真實(shí)姓名,有作弊嫌疑,尤其不能“重名”,如Bill Tom,Bill和Tom都是名(Given name),而不是姓(Family name),一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的處理方法就是use others?name,比如男名Bill Gates, Michael Scofield, Jay Chou或女名
From: 備忘錄作者
要點(diǎn)同上,一般不用尊稱(chēng),只有對(duì)方不知道自己身份的時(shí)候才后綴職位名稱(chēng)。
Date: 日期
BEC屬于英聯(lián)邦國(guó)家的考試,日期的寫(xiě)法一般為日、月、年,比如7 December 2002,注意月份用英文而不是數(shù)字,以免和日期混淆,可以縮寫(xiě),比如將一月寫(xiě)作Jan(也可以用開(kāi)放標(biāo)點(diǎn))。
Britney Spears, Jennifer Aniston等;若顯示關(guān)系親密,還可以把名字縮寫(xiě),比如B. Gates, M. Scofield, J. Chou, B. Spears, J. Aniston等;如果寫(xiě)給上級(jí),還應(yīng)該加上尊稱(chēng)甚至職位,比如Mr. Bill Gates ― Managing Director, Mr. Jay Chou ― Art Director等;現(xiàn)代商務(wù)寫(xiě)作中流行開(kāi)放標(biāo)點(diǎn)(Open Punctuation),即標(biāo)點(diǎn)不影響理解的時(shí)候可以不用,所以Mr./Ms./Mrs.后面的省略點(diǎn)也可以省去,簡(jiǎn)單寫(xiě)成Mr/Ms/Mrs;最好不要省去名字。
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)考試:中級(jí)寫(xiě)作樣題解析3
范文示例
To: All Staff
From: Bill Gates
Date: 7 December 2002
Subject: Staff Reward
The profits of our company this month went up 10% compared with the same period last year, due to your hard work and long working hours. I would like to thank you for your long devoted service. A trip to Hawaii has been arranged next month as a prize. Enjoy!
用書(shū)推薦
《劍橋標(biāo)準(zhǔn)商務(wù)英語(yǔ)教程》(Cambridge Business Benchmark)劍橋大學(xué)出版社出版。
《劍橋BEC真題集(中級(jí)) 第二輯》,劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)編
Cambridge BEC Vantage 2 (Student Book with Answers)
《劍橋BEC真題集(中級(jí)) 第三輯》,劍橋大學(xué)考試委員會(huì)編
Cambridge BEC Vantage 3 (Student Book with Answers)
《新編劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)(中級(jí)) 學(xué)生用書(shū)》,經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)出版社出版
Pass Cambridge BEC Vantage (Student Book)
輸入決定輸出,閱讀決定寫(xiě)作,復(fù)習(xí)BEC寫(xiě)作時(shí),首先應(yīng)系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)《新編劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)》,補(bǔ)充商務(wù)常識(shí)和商務(wù)詞匯,此書(shū)分為10個(gè)雙單元,共涉及 20個(gè)商務(wù)場(chǎng)景,每個(gè)場(chǎng)景中最易于自學(xué)的就是閱讀部分,同學(xué)們可以先朗讀文章,熟悉商務(wù)背景,然后學(xué)習(xí)每個(gè)雙單元后自學(xué)部分總結(jié)的詞匯和特定語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象,為寫(xiě)作積累素材,最后做每個(gè)雙單元后面配備的和考試技能相關(guān)的各種練習(xí)。而寫(xiě)作復(fù)習(xí)的沖刺階段,則要圍繞《劍橋BEC真題集(中級(jí)) 》,進(jìn)行真題訓(xùn)練。
僅從語(yǔ)言難度上講,BEC寫(xiě)作和六級(jí)寫(xiě)作接近,只不過(guò)是寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容從一般話(huà)題變成了商業(yè)內(nèi)容。既然學(xué)英語(yǔ)是為了未來(lái)的職業(yè)做準(zhǔn)備,考完四、六級(jí)之后,通過(guò)備考BEC考試,完成自己英語(yǔ)水平從一般英語(yǔ)到職場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)變,何樂(lè)而不為呢?
BEC寫(xiě)作備考指南:寫(xiě)作技巧
筆者上商務(wù)英語(yǔ)的課已經(jīng)有些年頭了。個(gè)人的體會(huì)是,商務(wù)英語(yǔ)課程以其務(wù)實(shí)、針對(duì)性強(qiáng)而受到學(xué)生的青睞,近年來(lái)報(bào)考的學(xué)生數(shù)明顯大幅上升。當(dāng)然要得高分也不易,尤其是作文部分,由于BEC寫(xiě)作和我們傳統(tǒng)的作文考試題要求相差較大,學(xué)生比較難以適應(yīng)。
本文通過(guò)對(duì)BEC中級(jí)考生文章的分析,給廣大考生一點(diǎn)備考建議。
首先一點(diǎn),我們必須牢記,歸根結(jié)底,BEC作文考察的還是考生英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力。所以學(xué)生并不需要擔(dān)心自己缺乏這方面的實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)是否會(huì)影響考場(chǎng)發(fā)揮。(順便提一句,BEC高級(jí)對(duì)商務(wù)知識(shí)的要求大大提高,因此考生要在語(yǔ)言功底上苦下功夫。比如說(shuō),寫(xiě)商務(wù)報(bào)告的固定格式和用于必須牢記在心。)
與此同時(shí),試題結(jié)合商務(wù)實(shí)戰(zhàn)的特點(diǎn),要求文章必須包含特定信息點(diǎn),或者是通過(guò)提供信息源,以及考題中的標(biāo)注,規(guī)定考生寫(xiě)作的具體范圍和內(nèi)容。所以審題是關(guān)鍵,所有已知條件都必須充分利用,換言之,如果遺漏已知條件,就會(huì)因信息表達(dá)不完整而導(dǎo)致失分。以下是對(duì)我的一名學(xué)員習(xí)文進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)。
PART ONE
You have been informed that next Wednesday your company's computer system will be closed down so that improvements can be made.
Write an email to all staff in your department:
? saying what time on Wednesday the system will be closed down
? suggesting how staff should prepare for this
? saying how the system will be better after the improvements
Write 40--50 words
學(xué)生作文:
From: Jenny Xu
To: All Staff
Date: 5 April 2009
Subject: Computer System
I want to tell you that our Intranet based on Linux will be closed next Wednesday at 10 o’clock.. I want to suggesting that you should save all your important documents. The computer system will be faster because we will use a newer SAP system. The new system is according to ISO900 and we will benefit from that.
作文解析:
BEC作文解答時(shí),審題非常重要。題目中給出的要求就好比是解代數(shù)題中已知條件,都要用到。小作文處理的時(shí)候,大家不妨可以把每一個(gè)已知條件擴(kuò)寫(xiě)成一句句句子,同時(shí)兼顧句子之間的連接。
通常學(xué)生犯的錯(cuò)誤是:
1. 漏掉題中給出的已知條件。
2. 給出的已知條件沒(méi)有表達(dá)清楚,用詞過(guò)于口語(yǔ)化,沒(méi)有條理,暴露出語(yǔ)言功底薄弱。
3. 切忌過(guò)于花哨的發(fā)揮,多說(shuō)多錯(cuò)。
這篇學(xué)生的作品是比較典型的案例。作者有一定的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),但文章中所暴露出來(lái)的不足也是明顯的。寫(xiě)作不能從細(xì)處下筆,而是先要搭建框架。
以這篇習(xí)文為例,作者在具體語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)的雕琢上可圈可點(diǎn),比如說(shuō)第一個(gè)句子中based on引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ),但是顯而忘記了這篇文章的主要目的,那就是通知同事公司電腦系統(tǒng)要升級(jí),但update這個(gè)詞始終沒(méi)有在文章中出現(xiàn),因此讀下來(lái)以后,可能同事還不是非常清楚,為什么computer system will be closed down, 盡管后面提到了improvement,總讓人覺(jué)得有些如鯁在咽,言之不盡;因此,思路不清晰是這篇習(xí)文最大的問(wèn)題。
此外,本文還有以下一些問(wèn)題:
1. 有些用詞過(guò)于口語(yǔ)化,比如說(shuō),文章開(kāi)頭, I want to tell you, 文中you should save這樣的用語(yǔ);
2. 建議Linux, 將SAP, ISO900等唬人術(shù)語(yǔ)統(tǒng)統(tǒng)除去,誠(chéng)然BEC涉及到基本的商務(wù)知識(shí),但是真正考核的還是語(yǔ)言功底,語(yǔ)用能力;商務(wù)知識(shí)好比是蓋澆飯里面的小炒而已。
3.里面還有一個(gè)明顯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,I want to suggesting….,當(dāng)然閱卷者不會(huì)刻意去搜尋語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,而是綜合考量語(yǔ)法得分,但由于小作文篇幅較短,那么這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤就顯得非常明顯。
范文:
Please be informed that our computer system will be closed next Wednesday at 12 o'clock for system upgrade. The closure will last for at least two hours. Make sure that you have saved all your documents before that time. The whole system will run on a new server, much faster than the current one.
PART TWO
l You work for PJT Ltd, a manufacturing company. You need more staff in your department and your line manager has asked you to write a report explaining why.
l Look at the information below, on which you have already made some handwritten notes.
l Then, using all your handwritten notes, write your report.
l Write 120-140 words.
學(xué)生作文:
The purpose of this report is to explain why we need more staff in our department.
We compare the number of staff in our department between 2001 and 2003, it only increased five staff. But the average number of ordered units grow up from 200000 to 400000 between 2001 and 2003.
Our sales department has announced a big new order from an international company recently. It will bring us much more workload. And the annual holiday increased to 5 weeks per year. That means that we have more workload and less working days.
If we had more staff the order should be on time. We should save our company’s reputation. And the workflow will be improved.
作文解析:
BEC中級(jí)的大作文題型一般以寫(xiě)報(bào)告、書(shū)信為主,因此,這些必考問(wèn)題的具體格式必須掌握。英文商務(wù)報(bào)告的格式有五個(gè)部分組成,其中包括報(bào)告的Subject, Introduction (This report aims/sets out to……),F(xiàn)indings (it was found that), Conclusions(It was decided/agreed/felt that……), Recommendations (It is suggested that…..) 括號(hào)中是每段開(kāi)頭固定的表達(dá)方式,考生不宜自己去創(chuàng)造。同樣寫(xiě)信也有格式化的表達(dá)方式,再此恕不展開(kāi)。 和第一部分一樣,大作文的寫(xiě)作審題是第一步,所有給出的已知條件必須用足。
本文中:
1.考生的習(xí)文字?jǐn)?shù)恰當(dāng)。但沒(méi)有把報(bào)告應(yīng)有的四個(gè)部分寫(xiě)完整,這將導(dǎo)致大量失分。在以上的習(xí)文中,考生表現(xiàn)出了不錯(cuò)的語(yǔ)言駕馭能力。
2.在審題上還有一些欠缺,比如 Another reason for more staff is that we will have fewer delays. 在題目中給出的已知條件中,有一份客戶(hù)的投訴信件,應(yīng)當(dāng)作為佐證被引用,否則order should be on time無(wú)從談起。
3.除了沒(méi)有按照?qǐng)?bào)告的固定格式外,考生語(yǔ)言太隨意。比如說(shuō),our sales department has announced a big new order,沒(méi)有出處,而根據(jù)文章中給出的已知條件,這是公司Newsletter所通告的,那么根據(jù)報(bào)告的要求,應(yīng)該指出信息來(lái)源。
4.中國(guó)學(xué)生還普遍特別敏感的就是企業(yè)的信譽(yù),因此經(jīng)常會(huì)看到學(xué)生動(dòng)輒就是喊口號(hào)的語(yǔ)言,比如說(shuō)文中We should save our company’s reputation. 這樣空洞無(wú)物的話(huà)應(yīng)該避免。
5.還有就是細(xì)節(jié)處理,句子和段落之間連接忽略了。比如說(shuō),It will bring us much more workload. And the annual holiday increased to 5 weeks per year. 以及最后一句話(huà)And the workflow will be improved.其中的and 這個(gè)詞用在這里顯隨意了些,可以考慮用Meanwhile 有“禍不單行”的意思。后面的And 應(yīng)該刪除。That means that we have more workload 這里兩個(gè)that離的太近,可以考慮把后面一個(gè)去掉,同時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是we will have。
范文:
Report on: More staff in our department
Date: 27.03.2004
Introduction
This report aims to explain why our department needs more staff.
Findings
Statistics show that there exists a big gap between the number of staff in our department and staff workload. While the number of ordered units grew up from only 200000 to 400000 in 2 years, the number of staff grew only by 5 people. According to the Staff Newsletter dated February 2004, we have won a big new order from an international company. That will bring us more work. At the same time, annual holiday has been increased to 5 weeks per year, meaning there won’t be enough staff for all the work. Our customer service department recently received a complaint from one of our clients about a tremendous delay in our delivery.
Conclusion
There are many reasons which explain the need of more staff. It is especially important for reducing the number of delays in delivery and to optimize the workflow.
Recommendations
More staff does not only mean more costs, it also means improved customer satisfaction.
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