不卡AV在线|网页在线观看无码高清|亚洲国产亚洲国产|国产伦精品一区二区三区免费视频

學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語 > 英語寫作 > 英語寫作方法 > 托福寫作中的常見2大審題誤區(qū)

托福寫作中的常見2大審題誤區(qū)

時(shí)間: 騰宇1218 分享

托福寫作中的常見2大審題誤區(qū)

  對于托福寫作而言,有太多考生只著眼于如何寫出漂亮的句子和高級的詞匯,而沒有搞清寫作的本質(zhì)--考察學(xué)生針對某一話題進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確連貫表述的能力。這也是為什么很多同學(xué)雖然英語不弱,在托福考試的獨(dú)立部分中卻只能拿到較低的4分,其關(guān)鍵問題在于審題不準(zhǔn),如何解決這個(gè)問題?一起看。

  托福寫作中的常見2大審題誤區(qū)

  審題誤區(qū)一. 忽略關(guān)鍵詞

  同學(xué)們考寫作考了這么多年,大多數(shù)出題的形式都已爛熟于心,看到題目之后覺得熟悉于是興沖沖提筆就寫,其實(shí),這種看似"熟練"的表象下藏著巨大的隱患--同學(xué)們很有可能因?yàn)榭吹锰於雎阅硞€(gè)決定題目意思的關(guān)鍵詞。

  例如:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Advertising is theonly main cause for people’s unhealthy eating habits.

  看到這個(gè)題目,同學(xué)們立刻會開始想,有沒有other reasons for unhealthy habits,想出三條如:1. People’stight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours; 2. Sometimes peopleare eager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on "endless diets"; 3.Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some consider eatingconstantly as their most effective stress reliever. 綜上所述,advertising is not theonly cause.

  這個(gè)寫法看起來非常完備,但其實(shí)犯了一個(gè)不起眼卻嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤--題目不是要我們證明it is not the only cause,而是要我們?nèi)プC明itis not the only main cause。多一個(gè)"main",意思是很不一樣的。如果我們只需要證明it is not the onlycause,那么找出other causes即可即例1中的寫法。但是,如果我們要證明it is not the only maincause,就需要證明other causes that we mentioned are also maincauses,這就需要在每一段中加上一些專門的說明。或者更簡單的辦法是去證明advertising is not even a cause,直接在每段的末尾加上advertising與該段所論述的unhealthy eating habit無關(guān)的論述即可。If it is not a cause,how can it be the onlymain cause? 這樣一來,就不用通過證明還有其他maincause來反駁了,事實(shí)上,證明某種cause是maincause還是挺有難度的,因此小編推薦同學(xué)們用后一種方式進(jìn)行論述。因此,文章還是disagree,而三段的主題句分別應(yīng)該是:

  1. People’stight schedules do not allow them to eat at regular hours, and it is obviousthat they are too busy to be influenced by advertising;

  2. Sometimes people areeager to lose weight or to keep fit so that they go on "endless diets", and thisis more like a result of human nature, the pursuit of beauty, but notadvertising;

  3. Bearing heavy burden both physically and mentally, some considereating constantly as their most effective stress reliever, and it is quite clearthat no advertising encourages them to do so.

  審題誤區(qū)二.誤解關(guān)鍵詞

  與忽略關(guān)鍵詞的人不同,有些同學(xué)過于執(zhí)著于關(guān)鍵詞的字面意思,而沒能看出其背后的implication,從而被關(guān)鍵詞限制住思路,無法下筆。比起忽略關(guān)鍵詞,這種錯(cuò)誤更常發(fā)生在細(xì)心且實(shí)力不錯(cuò)的同學(xué)身上,也很值得大家注意。建議在寫文章的時(shí)候要靈活,不要拘泥于關(guān)鍵詞的字面意思,否則理由很不好想,就算想出來也很難用英文表達(dá)。

  例如:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The governmentshould spend more money on elementary schooleducation than on universityeducation.

  題目的意思是說,比起投資大學(xué)教育,政府應(yīng)該在小學(xué)教育上投入更多的資金??吹竭@個(gè)題,同學(xué)們會有不同的看法,大體來講無非是兩種--認(rèn)為universityeducation應(yīng)該花更多的錢或反之。但是,大家很快會發(fā)現(xiàn)證明任何一種觀點(diǎn)都是不容易的。比如說,有些同學(xué)可能會這樣寫:Agree.

  1. Elementaryschool education involves more students than university education and itrequires more money;

  2. Colleges and universities have more sponsors thanelementary schools so that the government should offer more financial supportfor the latter.

  3. Since elementary school education is the cornerstone of universityeducation, it deserves more money from the government.

  上面的主題句看起來是沒有問題的,然而在展開的時(shí)候困難重重--第一個(gè)點(diǎn)里說Pupils的數(shù)量多所以花錢多,這的確是事實(shí),可是pupil人均所需要的經(jīng)費(fèi)卻肯定比universitystudents少,最關(guān)鍵的是,我們并沒有數(shù)據(jù)作為支撐;第二點(diǎn)里說校友或社會人士的支持使得大學(xué)在財(cái)政方便面比小學(xué)要寬裕的多,然而,這還是一個(gè)沒有數(shù)據(jù)就無法證明的觀點(diǎn);第三點(diǎn)里說elementaryschool education是universityeducation的基礎(chǔ)所以前者就應(yīng)當(dāng)比后者得到更多的預(yù)算,這是一個(gè)典型的邏輯錯(cuò)誤,因此在段落展開的時(shí)候?qū)掷щy。A是B的基礎(chǔ)并不意味著要為A花更多的錢??傊X本身就是一個(gè)可以量化的東西,如果真的以錢的多少來寫這道題,在沒有數(shù)據(jù)支持的情況下是很難成文的。許多同學(xué)之所以在寫的時(shí)候覺得自己的文章很牽強(qiáng),就是因?yàn)榘言撐漠?dāng)成了論述題,而大家要知道,論述題都是要會給出數(shù)據(jù)讓我們來分析的。那么,在沒有數(shù)據(jù)的情況下,這種題目該怎么寫呢?找到money后面的implication很重要。其實(shí),題目并不是要我們?nèi)ビ懻撃姆N教育應(yīng)該花更多的錢,而是讓我們?nèi)Ρ葍煞N教育的重要性,自然地,更加重要的教育就應(yīng)該花更多的錢。所以我們可以有以下論述:

  (Main idea)I cannot agree that the government should spend more money onelementary school education than on university education, because they areequally important.

  (Topic sentence) 1. Elementary school education prepares children forcollege education by teaching them how to learn and what they are supposed tolearn. 2. University education helps students to be ready for the competitivejob market by equip them with excellent knowledge for jobs and goodcommunication skills.

  (Conclusion) Since elementary school education and university education areboth indispensableandirreplaceable parts of our lifelong education and theycomplete each other, it would be rigid tosay that anyone of them deserves moremoney than the other.

  大家能在審題時(shí)更為認(rèn)真仔細(xì)的琢磨,勤加練習(xí),一定能獲得滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)。

  托福寫作中該如何正確立意?貼切考題是關(guān)鍵

  在托福的寫作過程中,標(biāo)題并不能代表文章的主題,所以在成功理解了文章的標(biāo)題大意之后,就要為全面切入正題為文章立意。而整個(gè)破題立意的過程必不能隨性所欲。一定要根據(jù)對于全文整體思路的把握,下面就為大家介紹一下如何確立托福寫作中的立意。

  在立意的過程中,首先需要注意到的就是需要與考試的匹配。無論自己的立意點(diǎn)是否高深,是否有涵義,與考題的貼切匹配是一個(gè)必備條件。如果,在立意的時(shí)候,就已經(jīng)開始與題目有了偏差,那么在之后文章中,無論是論點(diǎn)還是內(nèi)容,岔道只會越來越到,很那再有挽回的余地。

  另外,立意的過程,就是要明白自己表達(dá)的對象是什么,明確立場。而同時(shí),也要考慮到寫作中對于自己論點(diǎn)的支持。在為文章立意的過程中,如果有了很高立意層次,看似一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的開始。但是,在逐步下午的進(jìn)行中就會發(fā)現(xiàn),很難找到與之匹配例證內(nèi)容。同時(shí),想要表達(dá)整個(gè)立意的內(nèi)容,也是需要一個(gè)很深的語言功底,非??b密的邏輯思維方式,對自己的寫作是非常大的考驗(yàn)。

5826